Applied Psychology

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

World University root node

Frontiers in human neuroscience

Effects of Meditation on Structural Changes of the Brain in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer's Disease Dementia

Psychology in Modern India

Applied Psychology at the University of Calcutta: Heritage and State of the Art

Natural products represent a rich source of biologically active compounds and an example of molecular diversity with recognized potential in drug discovery. Nowadays, medicinal mushrooms used in folk medicine are being increasingly studied for their successful application in pharmaceutical industries. In this context, Pleurotus species are one such potential mushroom with worldwide acceptance as a delicious food and famed for remarkable medicinal properties. However, till date no reports regarding the bioactivity of the most compatible herbal formulations of this mushroom (infusion and decoction) have been documented. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken to investigate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of three cultivated species of this group namely, P. eous, P. florida and P. ostreatus. Phytochemical composition revealed that the infusion fraction of P. eous is the most enriched fraction having high amount of phenols (13.03 μggallic acid equivalent/mg of extract), flavonoids (3.57 μg quercetin equivalent/mg of extract) and ascorbic acid (16.66 μg/mg of extract). Moreover, free radical scavenging potentials of the corresponding fractions of these mushrooms were tested by different in-vitro systems. Results demonstrated infusion had noticeable scavenging activity in concentration dependent manner while decoction exhibited moderate activity for all three species. Decoction did not show any activity in hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Together, our findings provide a detailed data explaining beneficial therapeutic properties of aqueous fraction of these Pleurotus species. Additionally, it also can be concluded that in comparison with other studied mushroom, P. eous infusion is superior in terms of antioxidant efficacy. © 2020 DSR Publishers/The University of Jordan. All Rights Reserved.

Botany

Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Antioxidant properties and phytochemical screening of infusion and decoction obtained from three cultivated pleurotus species: A comparative study

Ashis Nandy’s works have been read predominantly in the context of his observations on South Asian culture, politics and history. The present essay focuses on whether Nandy’s understanding of the self as an inseparable part of the collective culture and incorporating the past and future in the present may enrich thinking within mainstream psychology. Nandy consistently draws a distinction between the self as a product of modern enlightenment and the self that harbours within it the ambiguities and contradictions, often seen in traditional societies. Nandy believes that the former subtly breeds a kind of violence in the name of scientific hegemony, while the latter is more tolerant of human folly and idiosyncrasies. The present article discusses three categories of responses to modernity: from psychoanalytical perspective, from Indian psychology trying to retrieve ancient texts and from postmodernism, and contextualizes Nandy within these approaches. Three aspects of Nandy’s conceptualization of self have been discussed here: the storied self, the atemporal self and the mythical self. Finally, the utilization of such discourse for a possible pluralism to be introduced in mainstream psychology of self in India has been considered. © 2019, National Academy of Psychology (NAOP) India.

Psychological Studies

A Possible Psychology of ‘Selves’ in India? Reflections Enthused by a Chronic Dissenter

The study investigated the significant difference between various interpersonal relationship needs of the employees of service and manufacturing organizations; 437 employees were selected from 56 service and manufacturing organizations in and around Kolkata. Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Orientation - Behavior (FIRO-B) scale developed by William Schutz in 1958, was administered to collect the data from the sample. For analysis of the data, descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA and Brown Forsythe test were used. The findings revealed that significant differences existed between the employees of service organizations and the employees of manufacturing organizations with regards to Expressed Inclusion, Expressed Control, Total Expressed, Total Inclusion and Total Control. © 2019 SCMS Group of Educational Institutions. All rights reserved.

SCMS Journal of Indian Management

Firo based understanding of interpersonal relationship: Orientation of the employees

IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review

Role of social interaction anxiety and sensation seeking in facebook addiction among male and female college students

This commentary on the target article underscores the need to examine the imagined trajectory of Place Spirituality, where person attachment and attachment to place through prior exposure are minimum or absent. Examples of such place attachment through sheer spiritual imagination or belief have been provided. It is further argued that while Place Spirituality may be complex, the exact developmental trajectory of Place Spirituality has not been investigated and requires future research attention. The model of transitional phenomenon and transitional space by Donald Winnicott has been presented as a possible explanatory model.

Fulltext

ARCHIVE FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION-ARCHIV FUR RELIGIONSPSYCHOLOGIE

Place Spirituality in the imaginary locus How real is the nonreal?

The most prevalent stimuli for exploring moral judgement in laboratory settings are small vignettes in the form of moral dilemmas. These dilemmas, mostly borrowed from the field of philosophy, are often criticised for lacking ecological validity due to their confined outcomes, hypothetical physical harms, focus on one character and overlooking cultural aspects. These criticisms are especially implicative for Indian culture which may have a different perspective on morality due to cultural prerogatives, encouraging collectivism as opposed to individualism of the West. Moreover, Indian culture often incorporates hints of ancient traditions and tales in a subtle but extensive way. We wished to probe this complex paradigm of moral judgement in the Indian context empirically by qualitatively analysing the responses and exploring the corresponding ratings of 60 participants, employing 10 selected stories from the Mahabharata. A preliminary report of the analysis is presented here. While the ratings varied considerably for similar judgements, the qualitative results indicated a complex amalgamation of emotions, reasons, intuitions and cultural influences. The scope for using epic stories to understand moral judgement, in the context of contemporary society, is discussed. The findings further encourage questioning the relevance of culture and issues of the ecological validity of vignettes. © 2019 Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad.

GENERAL

Psychology and Developing Societies

Traditional Stories as Possible Vignettes in the Research of Moral Judgement: A Preliminary Report Using Stories from Mahabharata

Indian Journal of Community Psychology

Role of personality and narcissism in facebook addiction among male and female college students

Gender asymmetry in psychiatric illness is attributed to gender role stereotypes and differences in stressors. However, less emphasis is placed on the contribution of gender role stereotypes and stressors in relation to wellness, especially in India. The present article reports two studies in this context. Study 1 attempted to determine the role of Masculinity, Femininity, Gender Role Attitude and Daily Hassles as predictors of Subjective Well-being in 400 college students of Kolkata. They were administered the GHQ-28, Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale, Subjective Well-being Scale, Indian Gender Role Identity Scale, Sex Role Attitude Scale and a Daily Hassles Scale. Step-wise Regression Analysis revealed that Masculinity and Daily Hassle were the best predictors of Subjective Well-being for both sexes. In Study 2, in addition to the above scales, Beck Depression Inventory and State Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered on 100 female and male psychiatric patients suffering from dysthymia, anxiety disorders and somatoform disorders, and 100 healthy counterparts. Step-wise Regression Analysis revealed that for the patient sample only Masculinity was a predictor of wellness. For the healthy counterpart, Masculinity and Hassle were the strongest predictors, thereby supporting Study 1. Women and men within the patient and the healthy groups revealed similar predictors. Thus, not sex per se, but masculinity in identity emerged as the common crucial factor determining wellness. The findings are explained in terms of Masculinity hypothesis within the Indian cultural context. © Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2018.