University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

A study was conducted to investigate the relation between soil chemical, mineralogical properties and surface charge characteristics of selected tropical soils in West Bengal, India. The objectives of this study were to analyse the electro-chemical charge characteristics of surface-subsurface soils in accordance with point of zero charge (PZC) and pH-dependent charge. Subsoil’s generally have higher PZC than corresponding surface horizons and pH-dependent surface charges are maximum in upper layer than that of other. Relatively lower value of PZC (or pH0) along the depth, mostly affected by organic matter, clay content free Fe and Al oxides. Result shows that PZC (or pH0) values decrease with increasing organic matter content and increase with increase in sesquioxides content. The PZC of the charge-pH curves in Diamond Harbour soil (DH) (0-45cm) was on the acid side of the zero point titration indicate that the samples possess permanent negative charge and in Raigunj soil (RG) (30-45cm) was on basic side possess slight permanent positive charge. Amount of surface charge reduces along the depth (subsurface region) than corresponding surface region except in RG (30-45cm) due to considerable increase in positive charges by presence of various electrolyte or synthetic hematite as α-Fe2O3. PZC has the strong negative correlation with pH-dependent charge (r=-0.85707*) that supports the superiority of the present study. Regression value also supports the strong dependency of electrochemical surface charge on PZC and organic matter content of corresponding soil layers (R2= 0.971474). © 2020 Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies. All rights reserved.