University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Dry reforming experiments are performed for five different CH4/CO2 ratios at three different operating temperatures. The focus of the work is on the short-term catalyst deactivation due to carbon deposition and analysis of the nature and structure of deposited carbon at CH4/CO2 ratio of 2, which is typical for biogas. The dry reforming experiments indicate that the short-term deactivation is insignificant at an equimolar ratio of CH4 and CO2. The rate of carbon deposition becomes faster at higher CH4/CO2 ratios and higher temperatures. CH4 and CO2 conversions and the exit mole fraction of CO and H2 confirm the occurrence of the reverse water-gas shift reaction. Characterization of the spent catalyst and deposited carbon is performed using XRD, TGA, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopies, which indicates the presence of graphitic carbon and carbon nanostructures. © 2015 American Chemical Society.

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Chemical Technology

Energy and Fuels

Study of Short-Term Catalyst Deactivation Due to Carbon Deposition during Biogas Dry Reforming on Supported Ni Catalyst

GENERAL

Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society

Kinetics of isothermal dehydration of gibbsitic bauxite

A comprehensive study to determine the thermal decomposition kinetics of naturally occurring high aluminous bauxite rock with variation of heating rate is of absolute necessity to better understand the underlying mechanism so that the course of the reaction, optimization of process conditions, and the nature of the end product can be carefully controlled. The kinetics of thermal decomposition of gibbsitic bauxite were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) in static air using different heating rates (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 K.min -1) under non-isothermal conditions. The isoconversional Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and model free Kissinger methods were applied to determine the kinetic activation energy and pre-exponential factor parameters of the decomposition process. The bauxite decomposed by two steps. The 1st step consisted of transformation through a dehydration process from bauxite to boehmite in the temperature range 275-350 °C. This was followed by a 2 nd step conversion into pseudo boehmite or metastable transition alumina through removal of structural water from the boehmite crystal lattice in the temperature range 450-550 °C. The average activation energy computed by both methods was found to be well consistent with values from other reference sources. Finally, the Malek method was employed to elucidate appropriate model expression for the thermal decomposition mechanism of the bauxite.

InterCeram: International Ceramic Review

Non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of gibbsitic bauxite from thermogravimetric data

Simultaneous activation of CO2 and H2O was carried out in a non thermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge reactor operated under ambient conditions. The plasma reactor packed with partially reduced NiO/Al2O3 catalyst showed better CO2 conversion than both the unreduced NiO/Al2O3 and with plasma (no catalyst), whereas, highest syngas selectivity was observed with unreduced NiO/Al2O3. An interesting observation is the formation of carbon nanofibres (CNFs) along with syngas with a reduced NiO catalyst integrated to the plasma, whereas, pure NiO only led to the formation of methane. The reduction of CO2 by in situ formation of hydrogen from water splitting may produce CH4 and plasma-assisted chemical vapour decomposition of CH4 may lead to the formation of CNFs. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

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International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

CO2 reduction to syngas and carbon nanofibres by plasma-assisted in situ decomposition of water

Kinetics of thermal decomposition of bauxite sample has been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTGA) in static air under non-isothermal condition. Integral approximation method of Coats and Redfern was used to determine the kinetic parameters like order of reaction and activation energy for the dehydration process. Different kinetic functions were also derived with the experimental data applying Jerez method to ascertain the decomposition mechanism of bauxite. It has been observed that the dehydration reaction followed first order reaction kinetics with contracting volume kinetic mechanism where mass transfer by diffusion between parent bauxite and dehydrated pseudo boehmite phases determines the rate of dehydration.

Journal of the Indian Chemical Society

Non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of bayeritic bauxite

Different molar ratio of zirconia : mullite precursors have been derived by adjusting the composition of mixed hydroxides hydrogel in ZrO 2-Al 2O 3-SiO 2 system. Kinetics of multistage thermal dehydration of such co-precipitated hydrogels has been studied in relation to composition of as prepared gel under isothermal conditions. The importance of the compositional effect on the kinetics of thermal decomposition of multi-component hydrogels is apparent from the variation of extent of validity of the first order law, values of rate constants and activation energies at the initial and final stages of dehydration reaction.