Extensive karyological analysis including determination of somatic chromosome number, total chromosome length and volume and estimation of 4C DNA amount were carried out on 8 different varieties of Coriandrum sativum L. A significant variation in nuclear DNA amount was recorded in the varietal level. The structural alteration of chromosome as well as loss or addition of highly repetitive sequences in the genome have played a vital role in intervarietal DNA variation. The absence of wide differences in nuclear DNA content in the varietal level indicate a close relationship between them. © 1989, Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology. All rights reserved.

A DAS

R MALLICK

Fulltext

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

CYTOLOGIA

High frequency in vitro regeneration in Holarrhena antidysenterica had been previously achieved successfully using Murashige and Skoog's medium(MS) fortified with 15μM BA. Stability in culture regenerated plants have been observed by studying the changes in chromosome numbers as well as changes in DNA content using cytophotometric data. Somatic chromosomes from regenerated plants revealed a diploid chromosome complement of 2n=22 and confirms the same chromosome number of in vivo plants. No changes in ploidy level were observed which confirm previously reported finding that culture regenerated plants were clonally uniform and lacked somaclonal variation. Stability among regenerants of different stages has also been confirmed using 4C nuclear DNA estimates. Variation in callus morphology and somatic embryo has been observed in culture conditions using various sets of growth regulators. Such changes in morphological patterns have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscopic techniques.

Caryologia

Chromosome stability in culture derived plants of Holarrhena antidysenterica wall, and study of differentiating tissues using SEM

Investigation on karyotype, 4C nuclear DNA amount and interphase nuclear volume (INV) of different Himalayan Bupleurum species belonging to Umbelliferae revealed genetic differentiation. Numerical and structural alternation of chromosomes in interspecific level were manifested in their statistically significant altered species specific 4C nuclear DNA content. Somatic chromosome number ranged between 2n = 14 and 2n = 16. B. himalayense was reported for the first time having 2n = 16 chromosomes. Correlation coefficient among the various chromosomal and nuclear parameters showed no significant progressive or regressive interdependence except in between INV and nuclear DNA amount. Critical differences between 4C DNA content showed interspecific variation. © 1993 Institute of Experimental Botany.

Biologia Plantarum

Karyotype diversity and interspecific 4C DNA variation in Bupleurum

A detailed karyotypic analysis and cytophotometric estimation of 4C DNA amount was carried out in six species of the subtribe Carinae of Umbelliferae. Intergeneric and interspecific chromosome number viz., 2n=14, 18, 20, 22 were varied in the subtribe level. Critical analysis of chromosome morphology revealed the structural alteration of chromosomes along with their changed DNA amount. Significant variation of DNA amount having numerical, gross or minor chromosomal alteration leads to the genetic drift in between the species of the subtribe suggesting the compromise between the structural and biochemical changes of the genome during macro- and micro-evolution. © 1991, Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology. All rights reserved.

Genome Analysis and Variation of 4c DNA Content in the Subtribe Carinae

The genera Maranta and Calathea are mostly tropical American in origin, though widely cultivated throughout the tropical zone of the globe for ornamentation of leaves, excepting the arrowroot yielding species of Maranta. In India, because of wide cultivation, they are often located as wild in the forest, though apparently as dispersed forms from the cultivated types. The vegetative propagation of the species is profuse preferring comparatively shady conditions. Despite its economic value, and the fact that the almost absence of sexual reproduction provides ideal materials for the study of speciation, data on the structure and behaviour of chromosomes of the genera Calathea, Maranta and Stromanthe are rather meagre (Venkatasubban 1946, Simmonds 1954, Sharma and Bhattacharyya 1958, Sato 1960, Mahanty 1970, Mukhopadhyay and Sharma 1984, Sharma and Mukhopadhyay 1984). The available records indicate that there are aneuploid chromosome numbers in these genera, of which 11 has been considered as the deep seated number (Sharma and Bhattacharyya 1958). These eleven chromosomes are regarded as derivatives of a basic set of four chromosomes with a long antecedent period of evolution. In view of the scanty records on these genera as well as the scope of various approaches including the analysis of chromosome structure, the present study was undertaken. It includes the study of morphological and anatomical characters, along with a detailed analysis of the chromosomes, the range in chromosome length, volume and classification of the finer details at the microscopic level. The relationship of these features with the amount of nuclear DNA has earlier been reported (Sharma and Mukhopadhyay 1984). © 1987, Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology. All rights reserved.

Karyomorphological Analysis of Different Species and Varieties of Calathea, Maranta and Stromanthe of Marantaceae

Chromosome analysis of seven species of Asparagus and four populations of A. racemosus has revealed that both polyploidy (20, 40, 60) and structural alterations have played a role in speciation of Asparagus associated with variation in sapogenin content. © 1985, Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology. All rights reserved.

Cytologia

Chromosome Characteristics of Asparagusâ€”Sapogenin Yielding Plant

Detailed karyotype studies were carried out on 24 agricultural strains of Coriandrum sativum, which show similarity in their chromosome number (2n = 22) and morphology. Variation in somatic nuclei with 2n = 15, 23, 24, 25, 27 chromosomes have been observed. In C. sativum var. W.B4, 2n - 24 or extra 2 chromosomes have been noted in the somatic complement. The extra chromosomes are probably B chromosomes. The karyotype analysis together with meiotic studies, suggest that structural alteration of chromosomes have contributed to the evolution of the different strains within the species. The presence of supernumerary constrictions in duplicate indicates homozygosity for structural changes. The strains differ in relation to such changes as detected in karyotypes and formation of regular bivalents. These characters have been attained by selection and as such they are able to stand competition. © 1977, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Journal	CYTOLOGIA
Publisher	-
ISSN	0011-4545
Open Access	Yes