A water soluble fucogalactan (PS-II) of an average molecular weight ∼1.2×105 Da was isolated from the aqueous extract of an edible mushroom Macrolepiota dolichaula. It was composed of fucose, galactose and 3-O-methyl galactose in a molar ratio of nearly 1:4:1. Structural characterization of PS-II was carried out using total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, Smith degradation, and 1D/2D NMR experiments. These results indicated that the proposed repeating unit of the PS-II had a backbone chain consisting of four (1→6)- linked α-d-Galp residues, one residue methylated at O-3, and another one substituted at O-2 by (1→2)-α-d-Galp residue, which is terminated with a α-l-Fucp moiety. The PS-II exhibited the antioxidant properties in different in vitro test systems, and also showed in vitro macrophage activation in RAW 264.7 cell line as well as splenocyte and thymocyte activation in mouse cell culture medium. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KRISHNENDU ACHARYA

Botany

S SAMANTA

A K NANDI

I K SEN

P MAITY

M PATTANAYAK

K S P DEVI

S KHATUA

T K MAITI

S S ISLAM

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Carbohydrate Research

A water-soluble heteroglycan (PS-I) isolated from the aqueous extract of a wild edible mushroom Lentinus sajor-caju showed average molecular weight ∼1.79 × 10 5 Da. The structure of the polysaccharide was determined using chemical and 1D/2D NMR experiments. Acid hydrolysis indicated the presence of D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, and L-fucose in a molar ratio of nearly 4:4:1:1 respectively. The presence of terminal Fucp, terminal Galp, (1 → 3)-Glcp, (1 → 6)-Galp, (1 → 6)-Glcp, (1 → 4,6)-Galp, and (1 → 2,4)-Manp moieties were established from methylation analysis. The chemical and NMR analyses indicated that the PS-I was a heteroglycan composed of a repeating unit with backbone chain of three (1 → 6)-α-D-galactopyranosyl residues, two (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, one (1 → 4)-α-D-mannopyranosyl residue, and two (1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues where one (1 → 6)-α-D-galactopyranosyl residue was branched at O-4 position with terminal α-L-fucopyranosyl residue and (1 → 4)-α-D-mannopyranosyl residue was branched at O-2 position with terminal α-D-galactopyranosyl residue and the structure was proposed as; The PS-I is a moderate antioxidant compound which showed DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging property, reducing power, and ferrous ion chelating ability. [Figure presented] © 2017 Elsevier B.V.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Studies on structure and antioxidant properties of a heteroglycan isolated from wild edible mushroom Lentinus sajor-caju

A water soluble heteroglycan (PS-II) with an average molecular weight ∼ 60 kDa was isolated from the hot aqueous extract of an edible mushroom Lentinus fusipes. The structural characterization of PS-II was carried out using total acid hydrolysis, methylation analyses, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation and 1D/2D NMR experiments. Total acid hydrolysis indicated the presence of D-galactose and D-glucose in a molar ratio of approximately 1:1. The chemical and NMR analyses revealed that the proposed repeating unit of the PS-II had a backbone chain consisting of three (1 → 6)-linked α-D-galactopyranosyl residue and two (1 → 6)-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, one of the β-D-glucopyranosyl residue was branched at O-3 position with a terminal β-D-glucopyranosyl. The PS-II exhibited significant in vitro splenocyte and macrophage activations with optimum dose of 20 μg/ml and 80 μg/ml respectively. Flow cytometry study revealed the protective role of the PS-II against nicotine stimulated lymphocytes. Moreover, the ROS scavenging property of PS-II was also established using DPPH radical scavenging assay. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

Carbohydrate Polymers

Structural elucidation and immunostimulating property of a novel polysaccharide extracted from an edible mushroom Lentinus fusipes

A water soluble β-glucan (PS) with an average molecular weight ∼1.95 × 105 Da was isolated from the alkaline extract of ectomycorrhizal edible mushroom, Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr. and found to consist of terminal, (1 → 3)-, (1 → 6)-, and (1 → 3,6)-linked β-d-glucopyranosyl moieties in a ratio of nearly 1:2:2:1. The structure of this PS was elucidated on the basis of total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, Smith degradation, partial hydrolysis, and 1D/2D NMR experiments. On the basis of these experiments, the repeating unit of the PS was found to contain a backbone of three (1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl residues, one of which was branched at O-3 position with the side chain consisting of two (1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl and a terminal β-d-glucopyranosyl residue. This PS showed in vitro macrophage activation by NO production as well as splenocytes and thymocytes proliferation. Moreover, it also exhibited potent antioxidant activities. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Antioxidant and immunostimulant Î²-glucan from edible mushroom Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr.

A water soluble branched β-d-glucan (PS-I) with an average molecular weight ~2.1×105Da was isolated from alkaline extract of the fruit bodies of the edible mushroom Entoloma lividoalbum (Kühner &amp; Romagn) Kubička which consists of terminal β-d-glucopyranosyl, (1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl, (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl, and (1→3,6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl moieties in a molar ratio of nearly 1:3:2:1. The structure of PS-I was elucidated using acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation study, partial hydrolysis, and 1D/2D NMR experiments. The repeating unit of the polysaccharide (PS-I) contains a backbone chain of three (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl residues, one of which was branched at O-3 position with the side chain consisting of three (1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl and a terminal β-d-glucopyranosyl residues. Total antioxidant capacity of 1mg PS-I was measured and found equivalent to 70±15μg of ascorbic acid. The PS-I was found to possess hydroxyl and superoxide radical-scavenging activities with EC50 values of 480 and 150μg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of PS-I was determined 0.5 at 480μg/mL. © 2013 .

Structure elucidation and antioxidant properties of a soluble Î²-d-glucan from mushroom Entoloma lividoalbum

A water soluble heteroglycan (PS-II) of average molecular weight ∼1.45 × 105 Da was isolated from the aqueous extract of an ectomycorrhizal edible mushroom, Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr. Structural characterization of PS-II was carried out using acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and 1D/2D NMR studies. Structural analysis revealed that PS-II was composed of terminal 2-O-methyl-Fucp, terminal Manp, (1→2)-Fucp, (1→3)-Glcp, (1→3,4)-Glcp, (1→6)-Galp, and (1→2,6)-Galp residues in a relative proportion of approximately 1:1:1:1:1:1:1. The proposed repeating unit of the PS-II had a backbone consisting of two (1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl, two (1→6)-α-d- galactopyranosyl, and one (1→2)-α-l-fucopyranosyl residues, out of which one (1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl residue was branched at O-4 position with terminal 2-O-methyl-α-l-fucopyranosyl and one (1→6)-α-d-galactopyranosyl residue was branched at O-2 position with terminal α-d-mannopyranosyl residue. This PS-II showed in vitro macrophage activation by NO production as well as splenocytes and thymocytes proliferation. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

Structural elucidation of an immunoenhancing heteroglycan isolated from Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr.

A heteroglycan (PS) isolated from the mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus was found to consist of l-fucose, d-mannose, and d-glucose in a molar ratio of nearly 1:2:3. On the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR studies (1H, 13C, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HSQC, HMBC, and DEPT), the structure of the repeating unit of the PS was determined. The repeating unit had a branched backbone composed of (1→6)-linked α and β d-glucose and (1→2)-linked α-l-fucose. Branching occurred at C-4 position of (1→6)-linked α-d-glucopyranosyl residue with terminal β-d-mannose and C-3 position of (1→6)-linked β-d-glucopyranosyl residue with (1→6)-α-d- mannopyranosyl moiety terminated by α-d-glucose. The structure of the repeating unit of the PS was proposed as: →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→6)- α-D-Glcp-(1→2)-α-L-Fucp-(1→3↔1α-D-Glcp- (1→6)-α-D-Manp 4↔1β-D-Manp. The antioxidant properties of the PS were studied. The scavenging activity of hydroxyl free radicals whose EC50 value of PS at 943 μg/mL was determined. Further, EC 50 value of the PS at 53 μg/mL was observed for scavenging activity of superoxide free radicals. Chelating effects (54.82%) of ferrous ions were observed at 1 mg/mL of the PS. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Journal	Data powered by TypesetCarbohydrate Research
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier Ltd
ISSN	0008-6215
Open Access	No