The nanoceramic NdFeO3 was synthesized by the sol-gel citrate method. The Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction pattern at room temperature (30°C) shows the orthorhombic Pnma phase of the perovskite type with lattice parameters a = 5.576 Å, b = 7.756 Å, c = 5.447 Å. The TEM image shows that the sample is made of nano-sized crystallites ranging from 45 to 75 nm. The room temperature Raman spectrum is fitted with the sum of 18 Lorentzian peaks. Eigen frequencies of vibrational modes are calculated by density functional theory in its generalized gradient approximation as implemented in Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP). Dielectric spectroscopy (ACIS) study of NdFeO3 has been performed in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range from 50° C to 240° C. The frequency dependence of real and imaginary parts of dielectric permittivity is analyzed using modified Cole-Cole equation. © 2013 American Institute of Physics.