Organoselective membrane was prepared from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. Crosslinked EPDM rubber was filled with 2, 4 and 6. wt% N330 carbon black filler to produce three different filled membranes designated as EPDMCV2, EPDMCV4 and EPDMCV6, respectively. These filled rubber membranes were used for pervaporative recovery of low concentration of pyridine from water. These filled membranes were characterized by crosslink density, SEM, XRD and mechanical properties. Sorption thermodynamics were discussed. Partial permeability, intrinsic membrane selectivity and diffusion coefficients of solvents were also determined. The filled membranes showed much higher pyridine selectivity than most of the membranes reported for similar system. © 2013 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry.

SAMIT RAY

Polymer Science and Technology

N R SINGHA

P DAS

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

Hybrid type elastomeric membranes were prepared by mixing natural rubber (NR) with 10. wt% of (of rubber) three different types of organophilic fillers, i.e., carbon black, organophilic clay and organophilic zeolite. These elastomeric membranes were cured (crosslinked) by semi efficient vulcanization technique using sulfur (S) and zinc diethyl dithio carbamate (ZDC), an ultra fast room temperature curing accelerator to obtain three membranes designated as NRCB, NRC and NRZ, respectively. The membranes were characterized by crosslink density, FT-IR, SEM analysis, and mechanical properties and used for pervaporative removal of low concentration of toluene from its mixtures with methanol at different feed toluene concentrations and temperatures. The NRCB membrane was found to show the best result with respect to toluene flux and selectivity over the entire feed concentration of 3-40. wt% of toluene in methanol. © 2016 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

Separation of toluene-methanol mixtures by pervaporation using filled elastomeric membranes

Several ethanol selective mixed matrix membranes were prepared from the copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene and an organophilic nano size clay filler. The clay was incorporated in the polymer during its synthesis from the butyl acrylate and styrene monomer by emulsion polymerization in water. These membranes were characterized and used for the separation of 2.5-15 wt% ethanols from water by pervaporation. The mixed matrix copolymer membrane containing 2% (wt% of total polymer) clay was observed to yield the best result, i.e., a flux of 0.34 kg/m2 h and an ethanol selectivity of 26.4 at 30°C for 5 wt% ethanol in water. The permeability, intrinsic membrane selectivity and concentration average diffusion coefficients of the solvents were also determined. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Separation and Purification Technology

Separation of ethanol from water by pervaporation using mixed matrix copolymer membranes

Pectin is one of the finest natural polymer which has drawn great attention because of its applications in different fields. Due to the quintessential structure of pectin, it can be transformed into variety of useful products. It can be utilized as a blend in many polymers to make a mixture or a composite material. Owing to considerable collection in chemical conformation and cross-linking mechanism, different pectin based hydrogels have been prepared for different characteristics in pharmaceutical and bio-medical sites. Inventive properties of hydrogels like volubility, swellability, solvability and hydrophilicity make them better alternative for wastewater treatment. Recently, pectin based hydrogels have demonstrated excellent performance to eliminate various metal ions and dyes from the polluted water. The adsorption characteristics of pectin based hydrogels can be upgraded by using nanoparticles, which prompts to the development of hydrogel nano-composites. In this review article, we have summarized a comprehensive assessment in the direction of using pectin based hydrogels to remove toxic pollutants from aqueous solution. Sodium acrylate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide based pectin hydrogel has demonstrated the maximum adsorption capacities of 265.49, 137.43, 54.86, 53.86, 51.72 and 50.01 mg g −1 for the adsorption of methyl violet, methylene blue, Pb(II), Cu(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) respectively. We have also discussed the pectin structure, properties and applications in this article. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

Fulltext

Journal of Environmental Management

Progress in pectin based hydrogels for water purification: Trends and challenges

Membrane made from copolymer of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate designated as PANMA was used for pervaporative dehydration of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) over the concentration range of 75-100wt% IPA in water. Sorption of the membrane was evaluated in terms of thermodynamic interaction parameters based on Flory-Huggins lattice model. Engaged species induced clustering (ENSIC) model was also used to explain swelling of the membranes. Coupling in sorption was explained by activity coefficient of water and IPA in feed and membrane using Flory-Hugging thermodynamics and also by interpolating ENSIC parameters. Intrinsic membrane properties like partial permeability and membrane selectivity was also determined. Total solvent volume fraction (TSVF) model was used to determine diffusion coefficient and plasticization coefficient of the solvents. The membrane was found to show very high water selectivity (3540) and good flux (3.3kg/m2hμm) for highly concentrated (99.8wt%) IPA at 30°C temperature. © 2012 The Institution of Chemical Engineers.

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Separation of isopropyl alcohol-water mixtures by pervaporation using copolymer membrane: Analysis of sorption and permeation

Natural rubber (NR) of grade RSS4 was efficiently cured (crosslinked) by using sulfur: accelerator weight ratio of 1: 4. This was further compounded with high abrasion grade carbon black filler (grade N330) with three different doses, that is, 5, 10, and 20 wt % of rubber to form three different filled and crosslinked membranes designated as NR5, NR10, and NR20, respectively. These filled rubber membranes and one unfilled but efficiently cured membrane, that is, NR0, were used for pervaporative removal of low concentration of pyridine from water. The filled membranes were found to show higher pyridine selectivity but lower flux than the unfilled membrane. All of these membranes showed reasonably good range of flux and pyridine selectivity. Among all of the used membranes, NR5-filled membrane yielded high pyridine selectivity (122) with reasonable thickness normalized flux (2.2 kg m -2 h -1 mÎ) at 40°C for 0.5 wt % of pyridine in water. ©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Removal of pyridine from water by pervaporation using crosslinked and filled natural rubber membranes

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) was chemically modified by crosslink copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) in aqueous solution of PVOH and finally crosslinking the copolymer of AA and AM designated as PAAAM with N,N0-methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) and PVOH with glutaraldehyde to produce a full interpenetrating network (FIPN) membrane. Accordingly, a membrane containing PVOH:PAAAM of 1:0.5 designated as FIPN500 was synthesized. Filled FIPN membranes were synthesized by in situ incorporation of highly hydrophilic aluminosilicate filler during copolymerization of the monomers in PVOH matrix to produce three filled membranes designated as FIPN502, FIPN505, and FIPN510 containing 2, 5 and 10 mass%, respectively (of total polymer) of the filler. PVOH membrane cosslinked with 2 mass% glutaraldehyde, PAAAM copolymer modified PVOH membrane i.e. FIPN500 and the three filled FIPN membranes were used for sorption and pervaporative dehydration of acetic acid. The filled IPN membranes were found to show higher flux and water selectivity than the unfilled membranes. Among the three filled membranes, FIPN510 was found to show the highest flux (6.612 kg m2 h-1 andmu;m) and water selectivity (325.53) at 0.953 mass% water in feed. Interaction parameters, partial permeability, intrinsic membrane selectivity and concentration average diffusion coefficients for all the membranes were also evaluated. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Dehydration of acetic acid by pervaporation using filled IPN membranes

Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) was efficiently cured (crosslinked) by using sulfur to accelerator ratio less than unity. This cured SBR was further compounded with carbon black filler (grade N330) with three different doses i.e., 5, 10, and 20 wt % of filler to form three different filled and crosslinked membranes, i.e., SBR5, SBR10, and SBR20. These filled rubber membranes and one unfilled but efficiently cured membrane, i.e. SBR0, were used for pervaporative removal of pyridine from its mixtures with water. The filled membranes were found to show better selectivity and mechanical properties but lower flux than the unfilled membrane. All of these membranes showed reasonably good range of flux and pyridine selectivity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Removal of pyridine from water by pervaporation using filled SBR membranes

Natural rubber (NR) and poly(styrene-co-butadiene) rubber (SBR) were crosslinked chemically with sulfur and accelerator by efficient vulcanization. These were then compounded for physical crosslinking with high abrasion carbon black filler (grade N330) with three different doses, i.e. 5, 10 and 20 phr to obtain three filled membranes from each of these two rubbers (NR-5, NR-10 and NR-20 and SBR-5, SBR-10 and SBR-20). These six filled rubber membranes were used for pervaporative separation of toluene-methanol mixtures up to 11 wt% of toluene in feed. It has been found that with increase in filler doses from membrane-5 to membrane-20, the selectivities and mechanical properties of the membranes increase. All of these membranes showed reasonably good range of flux (20.814 g/m2 h for SBR-5 to 10.26 g/m2 h for NR-20) and separation factor (286.4 for NR-5 to 183.7 for SBR-5) for 0.55 wt% of toluene in feed. Among these membranes NR-20 and SBR-20 with highest crosslink density showed maximum separation factor for toluene along with good flux. It has also been found that for comparable crosslink density NR membranes showed better separation factor than SBR membranes. © 2006.

Journal	Data powered by TypesetJournal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
ISSN	1226-086X
Open Access	No