Root exudates were obtained from three mangrove species, viz. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Excoecaria agallocha , and Heritiera fomes. Spot tests revealed the presence of, presumably, phenolic compounds in the exudates. Paper chromatography revealed two spots each for B. gymnorrhiza and H. fomes and a single spot for E. agallocha. GC-MS analysis suggested the presence of aminopyrine, palmitic acid, stearic acid, di- n -propyl ether, and 2,5-anhydrogluconic acid in B. gymnorrhiza exudates, aminopyrine and palmitic acid in E. agallocha exudates, and aminopyrine, palmitic acid, and 2,5-anhydrogluconic acid in H. fomes exudates.

T KUMAR

S RAY

R BRAHMACHARY

M GHOSE

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Acta Chromatographica

Preliminary GC-MS analysis of compounds present in the root exudates of three mangrove species

Sea weeds are valuable natural assets in aquaculture due to the presence of various bioactive active metabolites in them. Successful fish production and maintenance of disease free culturing systems in aquaculture with environment friendly practices is often affected by various environmental factors. Disease causing pathogens is one of the major factors. These can be controlled by the emerging technologies such as biopolymer based drug delivery systems, feed encapsulations processes and immersions of active ingredients which can possibly facilitate sustainable production by enhancing growth and immune responses in aquaculture animals. The focus of our study is on the identification of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from two brown seaweeds, Gracilaria foliifera and Sargassum longifolium which have proven bioactive compounds. By a process of microencapsulation these bioactive compounds were encapsulated in the form of beads. Sodium caseinate and xanthan gum were mixed together to form the beads. This process helps to retain and protect the bio active ingredients from adverse reactions such as oxidation and nutritional deterioration. These microencapsulated beads were administered orally to 10 Oreochromis mossambicus the experimental fishes, with average body weight of 10-12 g and challenged against the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida to assess their antibacterial efficacy to control this bacterial pathogen. Microencapsulated bio active compounds were further characterized by FT-Raman, GC-MS, NMR, HPLC and SEM analysis. In this study, the effects of combined formulations of the different bioactive compounds were determined. Data obtained from the treatment of A. salmonicida infection in O. mossambicus using formulated bioactive compounds obtained from these seaweeds showed very high survival percentage in this species of fish.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology

Protective efficacy of microencapsulated seaweed extracts for preventing Aeromonas infections in Oreochromis mossambicus

Fatty acids of specific chain lengths have been shown to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the present study, specific synthetic aromatic derivatives of n-octyl esters were investigated for their property to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Agar well diffusion assay indicated that the crude synthetic derivatives obtained by the esterification of phthalic acid (PA) and n-octanol exhibited antimycobacterial activity. Further, the activity was authenticated with the Miroplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA). Subsequently, the active component was purified by bioactivity guided chromatographic fractionation. The structure of the synthetic derivative was deduced by UV–Vis, FT-IR, LC–MS, GC–mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) were performed with Autodock 4.0 and GROMACS 5.1.2 softwares, respectively. It was found that mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) exhibited antimycobacterial activity with a MIC of 20 μg/mL, and not by any other related compounds, including di-n-octyl phthalate, PA, phthalic anhydride, and n-octanol. Binding of MOP with protein kinase B can participate in the binding cavity region, which was previously reported. Subsequently, we authenticate the stability with MDS. This is first report on the inhibition of M. tuberculosis growth by MOP. © 2018 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry

In vitro inhibition potential of mono‐ n ‐octyl phthalate on Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra: Possibility of binding to mycobacterial PknB—An in silico approach

Seven species of fresh mangrove leaves were found to contain saturated normal and branched chain hydrocarbons, mostly between C16 and C36 with both odd and even carbon numbers. Significant quantitative variations were found between species. Wax esters were found to contain fatty acids with chain lengths between C12 and C22. Palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acids were the major component saturated fatty acids, whereas, oleic (18:1) and linolenic (18:3) acids were the major unsaturate α-acids. Chain lengths of the alcohols of wax esters were between C14 and C36. Significant quantitative and minor qualitative differences were noted in the alcohol composition of wax esters. Hydrocarbon and wax ester compositions were characterised by the presence of low M, components in high proportions. © 1987.

Journal	Acta Chromatographica
Publisher	AKADEMIAI KIADO RT
ISSN	1233-2356