The present study documents the phytochemical screening and antioxidant properties of ethanolic extract of Termitomyces clypeatus. Phytochemical constituents like phenols, flavonoids and ascorbic acid were much higher than β carotene and lycopene. The analysis of the phenolic compounds performed by HPLC, revealed the presence of pyrogallol (0.223 μg/mg) and cinnamic acid (0.095 μg/mg). Antioxidant activity was evaluated through superoxide radical scavenging assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, chelating ability, reducing power and total antioxidant capacity determining assays. Their EC50 values ranged from 0.21 μg/ml to 3.22 mg/ml. Result implies that T. clypeatus can not only serve as a food supplement but also be used as treatment for various oxidative stress related diseases. © 2016 Payel Mitra et al.

KRISHNENDU ACHARYA

Botany

P MITRA

N C MANDAL

A ROY

Fulltext

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Phytochemical Study and Antioxidative Property of Ethanolic Extract from Termitomyces clypeatus.

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science

Schizophyllum commune Fr. is valued for its high nutritional composition and medicinal importance. However, quality standards of this species have not been reported till date. The aim of the present study was to provide quality control standardization of S. commune based on organoleptic, microscopic, physico-chemical, chromatographic, molecular features and to partially screen its antioxidant activity. Physico-chemical parameters such as percentage of loss on drying, total ash, swelling capacity, water holding capacity, water solubility index and methanol extractive value were documented. In addition, fluorescence analysis of the powder using 16 different chemical reagents were carried out which exhibit a remarkable variation of colour against treating agents. Quantification of the major bioactive compounds present in the extract showed the following order phenol &gt; flavonoid &gt; ascorbic acid &gt; β-carotene &gt; lycopene. The antioxidant potentials of the extract were determined using experiments of DPPH radical scavenging activity (EC50 value 1.07 mg/ml) and total antioxidant capacity (19 μg AAE/mg of extract). Phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract revealed high contents of phenolics which was confirmed by HPLC and HPTLC studies. Rf values and their corresponding peaks serve as a signature marker for identification of this mushroom. On the other hand, molecular studies including DNA extraction and sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer region of the genomic DNA serve as a molecular standard. The above distinctive parameters would significantly serve towards establishing the pharmacognostic as well as molecular standards for identification, authentication and quality control of the genuine mushroom. © 2016, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine

Pharmacognostic standardization based on physicochemical and molecular parameters of a medicinal mushroom Schizophyllum commune

Traditionally Laetiporus sulphureus, commonly known as “Chicken-of-the-Woods”, is considered a delicacy in various parts of the world and recently has shown medical potential in several treatments such as antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immune-modulating etc. However, quality standards of this species have not been studied so far. For this purpose, microscopic features of powder such as physical characters, spore measurement, type of hyphae were examined and recorded. Physicochemical parameters like organoleptic features, loss on drying (5.15 %), total ash (3.04 %), swelling capacity (1.66 ml/g), water holding capacity (163.16 g/g), water solubility index (21.73 %) and fluorescent behaviour against 16 reagents were also determined. In addition, alcoholic extract was prepared using methanol as solvent where extractive value was 24.27 %. Preliminary mycochemical analysis indicated presence of cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, phenol, saponin and terpenoids in the extract. While quantitatively major bioactive components were present in the following order of flavonoid &gt; phenol &gt; ascorbic acid &gt; β-carotene &gt; lycopene. Moreover, HPTLC and HPLC profiles were recorded to determine phenolic fingerprint. HPTLC characterization showed presence of at least 5 components as detected by scanning the plate at 300 nm and HPLC chromatogram indicated existence of 32 peaks which might be of phenolic compounds. In addition, superoxide radical scavenging (EC50 1.38 mg/ml), DPPH radical scavenging (EC50 0.11 mg/ml), chelating ability of ferrous ion (EC50 0.27 mg/ml), reducing power (EC50 0.26 mg/ml) and total antioxidant capacity (18.01 µg AAE/mg of extract) were determined to evaluate antioxidant potentiality of the extract. The above parameters are significant towards establishing pharmacognostic standards for future authentication of genuine mushroom material. © 2015, Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit (BVL).

Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit

Pharmacognostic standardization and antioxidant capacity of an edible mushroom Laetiporus sulphureus

Traditionally Laetiporus sulphureus, commonly known as "Chicken-of-the-Woods", is considered a delicacy in various parts of the world and recently has shown medical potential in several treatments such as antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immune-modulating etc. However, quality standards of this species have not been studied so far. For this purpose, microscopic features of powder such as physical characters, spore measurement, type of hyphae were examined and recorded. Physicochemical parameters like organoleptic features, loss on drying (5.15 %), total ash (3.04 %), swelling capacity (1.66 ml/g), water holding capacity (163.16 g/g), water solubility index (21.73 %) and fluorescent behaviour against 16 reagents were also determined. In addition, alcoholic extract was prepared using methanol as solvent where extractive value was 24.27 %. Preliminary mycochemical analysis indicated presence of cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, phenol, saponin and terpenoids in the extract. While quantitatively major bioactive components were present in the following order of flavonoid > phenol > ascorbic acid > beta-carotene > lycopene. Moreover, HPTLC and HPLC profiles were recorded to determine phenolic fingerprint. HPTLC characterization showed presence of at least 5 components as detected by scanning the plate at 300 nm and HPLC chromatogram indicated existence of 32 peaks which might be of phenolic compounds. In addition, superoxide radical scavenging (EC50 1.38 mg/ml), DPPH radical scavenging (EC50 0.11 mg/ml), chelating ability of ferrous ion (EC50 0.27 mg/ml), reducing power (EC50 0.26 mg/ml) and total antioxidant capacity (18.01 A mu g AAE/mg of extract) were determined to evaluate antioxidant potentiality of the extract. The above parameters are significant towards establishing pharmacognostic standards for future authentication of genuine mushroom material.

Journal	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Publisher	Open Science Publishers LLP Inc.
ISSN	2231-3354
Open Access	No