India is home to around 40 species of Allium, out of which a majority are found in the wild in the higher reaches of the Eastern and Western Himalayas. Changing environmental conditions and various anthropogenic interventions have threatened the existence of many of these wild species, most of which are not cytologically characterized. In this paper, novel cytotypes of Allium carolinianum and Allium fasciculatum are reported for the first time from India. Detailed cytological investigations revealed tetraploidy in A. carolinianum (2n = 4x = 32) and in A. fasciculatum (2n = 4x = 40). The karyotype of A. carolinianum is more symmetrical, with majority of the chromosomes having median/median region constrictions [16 M(2SAT) + 10 m + 2sm + 3st + 1 t] and falls in 2B category of Stebbins’s chart of chromosome asymmetry, while that of A. fasciculatum was found to be asymmetrical, with chromosomes having mostly submedian and subterminal constrictions [1 M + 3 m + 16sm(2SAT) + 18st(2SAT) + 2 t], categorized in 3B category of Stebbins’s chart of chromosome asymmetry. © 2015, Archana Sharma Foundation of Calcutta.