Shoot multiplication was achieved in vitro from shoot tips of aseptically germinated seedlings of Withania somnifera L. using low concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), viz. 2.2, 4.4 and 8.9 μM. Maximum number of shoots were obtained when 2.3 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 2.5 μM indolebutyric acid (IBA) was added to medium containing 4.4 μM BA during initiation of shoot multiplication, but not when added later. Direct multiple shoot initiation was also obtained from germinating seeds in the presence of BA alone. Rooting was successful in excised shoots grown on growth regulator-free MS medium. Rooted shoots were successfully established in soil in a greenhouse. © 1991 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

J SEN

A K SHARMA

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Micropropagation of Withania somnifera from germinating seeds and shoot tips

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, is an important medicinal plant being the source of extremely important compounds like withanolides and withaferin. Influence of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated for induction of callus, callus mediated regeneration and production of secondary metabolites in them. Explants for callusing were collected from plants grown in vitro and maximum callusing (98 %) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with a combination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) (0. 5 mg l-1) and kinetin (KN) (0. 2 mg l-1). Among different types of calli, best shoot regeneration was observed on green, compact calli produced on MS medium with a combination of 6-benzylamino purine (BAP) and indole butyric acid (IBA). MS medium supplemented with BAP (2 mg l-1) showed highest frequency (98 %) of shoot bud regeneration. The micro-shoots were efficiently rooted on MS media supplemented with 0. 5 mg l-1 IBA. Rooted plants were transferred to soil-vermi-compost (1:3; w/w) medium in greenhouse for acclimatization. Presence of withanolide A and withaferin A in calli was validated through high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). It was interesting to observe that the PGRs showed significant influence on the secondary metabolites production in callus and 2,4-D having the least effect. Histological studies revealed the origin of shoot tip in the callus during regeneration. © 2012 Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society.

Fulltext

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants

Influence of plant growth regulators on callus mediated regeneration and secondary metabolites synthesis in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

Plant Genetic Resources: Characterisation and Utilisation

Biotechnological approaches for the production of forskolin, withanolides, colchicine and tylophorine

Shoot multiplication was obtained in vitro within 20-25 d from shoot tip expiants of 30 d old aseptically germinated seedlings of Coleus forskohlii Briq., using 2 mg/1 of 6 benzylaminopurine (BA). Shoot multiplication was further enhanced with the gradual decrease in the level of BA, and its final omission after 4 months. Different auxins supplemented at the level of 0.05 mg/1 with BA did not yield better results. Seven regenerated plants showed only diploid cells in their root tips, while three plants did not. Of these, two were diploid with occasional aneuploid cells. In one plant 32 chromosomes were observed. The potential of shoot culture in vitro and use of micropropagated plants for the production of forskolin has been demonstrated. © 1991 Springer-Verlag.

Plant Cell Reports

In vitro propagation of Coleus forskohlii Briq. for forskolin synthesis

Factors affecting in vitro proliferation and rooting of shoots of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)

Plant tissue culture letters

Microplant Propagation through Multiple Shoot Formation from Reproductive Organs in vitro

Proceedings in Life Sciences Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plant Cell Cultures

Multiple Shoot Cultures: A Viable Alternative in Vitro System for the Production of Known and New Biologically Active Plant Constituents

Biologia Plantarum

Multiple shoot formation from almond embryos

Phytochemistry

Chemistry and genetics of withanolides in Withania somnifera hybrids

Journal	Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
ISSN	0167-6857