Bellamya bengalensis is an important living organism of freshwater ecosystem.This animal performs biofiltration during feeding of microorganism and planktons. Fenvalerate is a type -2 pyrethroid which is exclusively used in agriculture and horticultural sectors of India for as pesticide. Gills, digestive glands and antenna are the vital organs whose morphology is adversely affected by exposure of fenvalerate. The natural habitat of B. bengalensis bears the risk of contamination by diverse types of pesticides including fenvalerate. During monsoon and flood, the fenvalerate laden agricultural runoff contaminate the freshwater bodies of B. bengalensis. B. bengalensis is an important bioresource and bears medicinal importance. Acute and chronic exposure of fenvalerate resulted in histological damage of gill, digestive gland and antenna of B. bengalensis. A detailed histopathological screening of gill, digestive gland and antenna was carried out in controlled laboratory condition under the exposure of 0.5ppm and 3ppm fenvalerate for 96 hours of duration. Structural damage of these target organs might lead to functional anomaly of the organ which might cause a gradual decrease in population density of B. bengalensis in its natural habitat. This study indicates the magnitude of structural damage of gill, digestive gland and antenna of B. bengalensis under the exposure of sublethal concentrations of fenvalerate. © 2014 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.