Introduction: Present study was aimed to evaluate the important fitness profile parameters in young male Indian Water Polo players and swimmers. Materials & Methods: State level male Water Polo players (age: 22.73±1.91 yrs) and swimmers (age: 22.00±1.13 yrs) were recruited from different sports academies, Kolkata, India. Sedentary subjects (age: 24.50±1.91 yrs) were randomly sampled from the same area. Physical and fitness profile parameters were assessed by standard methods. Results: VO 2max , high intensity effort and agility depicted significantly (p<0.05) higher values in Water Polo group while flexibility, vertical jump test (VJT) and push up exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher values in swimmers. Higher agility score in Water Polo might be attributed to their body movements from a horizontal to a vertical position. Higher score of flexibility, VJT and push up in swimmers was probably due to their participation in dynamic stretching, plyometric activities and specific motor pattern movements as well as breaststroke swimming. This indicated the tendency of having higher anaerobic capabilities in Swimmers in comparison to their Water Polo counterparts. Conclusion: Water Polo players and Swimmers have significant difference in the fitness profile parameters due to the variation in their event specific activity and difference in the training pattern. These data would also serve as the National standard of fitness profile data in Indian context. © 2018, Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists of India. All rights reserved.