R PAL

P BHATTACHARYYA

K CHAKRABARTI

A CHAKRABORTY

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Ambio

This study investigated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDT-related pesticides in surface sediments of Hooghly estuary and the Sundarban mangrove wetlands. Concentrations of ∑17PAH, ∑182PCB and ∑6DDT ranged from 15.4 to 1731, not detected (nd) to 13.5 and nd to 8.97 ng g−1 dry weight, respectively. Low levels of PCBs and low to moderate concentrations of DDTs and PAHs reflected recent development in West Bengal, which was dominated by agriculture and multifarious industries in the past. Diagnostic ratios suggested that major sources of PAHs are combustion processes, DDTs are input by agriculture, antifouling paints and public health campaigns, and organochlorines are predominantly from industrial origin. Heavier PCB congeners suggest local sources and short-range transport of such chemicals. Decision makers may use these findings for managing the Hooghly River watershed in order to promote a sustainable development on the eastern coast of India. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

Marine Pollution Bulletin

Distribution and sources of organic contaminants in surface sediments of Hooghly river estuary and Sundarban mangrove, eastern coast of India

This study reports the first evidence of the quantification of two dominant perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), namely perfluorooctanesulfate (PFOS) and perfluorooctannoate (PFOA), in surface sediment samples (0-5 cm; n= 13) from the Ganges (Hugli) River including Sundarban wetland, India using HPLC-MS/MS. The concentrations of PFOA exhibited a wide range of concentrations from <0.5 to 14.09. ng/g. dry wt, whereas the concentration of PFOS was always below the detection limit of <0.5. ng/g dry. wt. A consistent enrichment of PFOA was recorded in all the five sites of Sundarban (mean value 11.61 ± 1.86) whereas it was of moderate concentration or below the detection level in the seven sites along with the lower stretch of the Ganges (Hugli) River estuary (mean value 5.96. ng/g. dry wt ± 5.36). Wastewater and untreated effluents are likely the major causes of accumulation of PFCs in sediments. The present paper could be used as baseline study to assess future monitoring programs of the ecosystem. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Perfluorinated compounds in surficial sediments of the Ganges River and adjacent Sundarban mangrove wetland, India

This paper presents the first comprehensive report of the organochlorine pesticide residues (OCs) such as hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its six metabolites (DDTs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in core sediments (&lt;63-μm particle size) from the Indian Sunderban wetland. The pooled mean values of the mass fraction of ∑HCHs, HCB, and ∑DDTs in the sediments were 0.05-12, 0.05-1.4, and 0.05-11.5 ng g-1 dry weight, respectively. The vertical distribution of pesticides reveals an erratic pattern. The concentration of four isomers of HCHs reveals a heterogenic distribution where γ-HCH (lindane) and β-HCH shared the dominant part. The mass fraction of HCB did not show any sharp spatial variation. The prevailing sequence of DDT metabolites indicates an active degradation of the parent compound in the sediments and/or inputs of already degraded pp'DDT to the region. Peak concentrations of HCH isomers and DDT metabolites have the potential to induce ecotoxicological impact as per the sediment quality guidelines. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Organochlorine pesticide residues in sediment cores of Sunderban wetland, northeastern part of bay of Bengal, India, and their ecotoxicological significance

The potential of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) was evaluated for rice cultivar, IET- 1444, during the wet seasons of 1997-99. Field experiments were conducted at the Agriculture Experimental Farm of Calcutta University, West Bengal, India using MSWC and cow dung manure (CDM), with or without urea (U), and fertilizers (F). Dry matter accumulation was highest with CDM + U, followed, in a descending order, by MSWC + U and F. Panicle length was largest and thousand–grain-weight were highest for F. Application of CDM alone gave 30% higher grain yield over MSWC but the latter, along with urea, increased grain yield by 49% over MSWC alone. Uptake of N by straw and grain was significantly higher with CDM as compared to MSWC. Percent N recovery was higher when fertilizer in the form of urea was applied with either CDM or MSWC. Uptake of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, and Pb) by straw and grain of rice was lower with the application of MSWC alone than with the other treatments except control. Uptake of Cd was below detection limit. There was no significant variation between the physico-chemical properties of soil due to the application of these treatments. Results indicated that MSWC application to rice was effective and safe to be used as an alternative organic supplement. © 2003 Taylor and Francis.

Compost Science and Utilization

Evaluation of msw compost as a component of integrated nutrient management in wetland rice

Agronomy Monographs Methods of Soil Analysis

Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter

Bioresource Technology

Evaluation of heavy metals during stabilization of organic matter in compost produced with municipal solid wastes

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Degradation of diazinon, chlorpyrifos, isofenphos, and pendimethalin in grass and compost

Agricultural Ecology and Environment

Technology and Undesirable Components on Compost of Separately Collected Organic Wastes

Fate of pesticides in Calcutta's municipal solid waste: Effect of composting

Journal	Ambio
Publisher	Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
ISSN	0044-7447