Aim: To assess the prevalence of goiter, state of iodine nutrition of the population, consumption pattern of common goitrogenic food, and distri-bution of iodine through edible salt in selected CD Blocks of Siddharthnagar district in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Methods: Goiter survey among 1,862 school children, aged 6-12 years, of both sexes, and analysis of iodine (I) and thiocyanate (SCN) in 240 urine samples, and iodine content in 210 edible salt samples collected from the selected study areas. Results: The prevalence of goiter was 26.3% (grade 1: 23.2%; grade 2: 3.1%). Median urinary iodine level was 6.0 ug/dl, and 42% had concentration &lt;5 fig/dl. Mean (SD) urinary SCN was 0.75 (0.4) mg/dl. Only 17.1% of salt samples had iodine level &gt;15 ppm; 82.9% had &lt;15 ppm. Conclusion: Consumption of inadequately iodized salt and cyanogenic plant foods containing goitrogenic/anti-thyroidal substances by the people of the studied region are possible reasons for the persistence of goiter during the post salt iodination phase. © Freund Publishing House Ltd., London.

SANJAY GHOSH

Bio-Chemistry

A K CHANDRA

T MALIK

S GHOSH

Fulltext

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Etiological factors for the persistence of endemic goiter in selected areas of Siddharthnagar district in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

To evaluate the state of iodine nutrition in post-iodation scenario, 3500 children were examined clinically for endemic goitre. Iodine and thiocyanate were measured in 240 urine samples; iodine content in 210 salt samples was measured. Total goitre prevalence was 6.1%. Median urinary iodine level was 21.80 μg/dl, and mean (±SD) urinary thiocyanate was 0.89 ± 0.49 mg/dl. Iodine content of only 11.9% salt samples was below recommended level of 15 ppm, 25.2% was between 15 and 30 ppm and 62.9% was >30 ppm. Iodine deficiency disorders are thus clinically mild public health problem of the studied population; however, they have no biochemical iodine deficiency. Studied population found exposed to thiocyanate load that might be the possible cause for persistence of endemic goitre. People of Kolkata should be advised to eat commonly consumed goitrogenic foods after boiling and decanting the water. Periodical monitoring and evaluation of iodine status should be mandatory. © 2018 The Author(s).

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

Assessment of Iodine Nutritional Status of School-Age Children in Kolkata District of West Bengal State in Post-Iodation Scenario

To compare the state of iodine nutrition among school age children (SAC) in high-(HSGs) and low-socioeconomic groups (LSGs) during a post iodation scenario in Kolkata. Clinical examinations of the goiter, median urinary iodine (MUI), mean urinary thiocyanate (MUSCN) in SAC (6-12 years) from both sexes in the different socioeconomic groups were carried out and the iodine content of edible salt was measured. A total of 5315 SAC, of which 2875 SAC were from a HSG and another 2440 SAC from an LSG were clinically examined for goiter. In the HSGs the total goiter prevalence (TGP) was 3.2% and in the LSGs the TGP was 9.1% and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The MUI of the HSGs was 242 μg/L as compared to 155 μg/L in the LSGs (p<0.001). MUSCN of the HSGs was 0.77±0.45 mg/dL while in the LSGs it was 0.94±0.44 mg/dL and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). In the HSGs 19.4% salt samples had 15-30 ppm iodine and 80.6% salt samples were above 30 ppm as compared to 26.3% salt samples which were below 15 ppm, 37.1% salt samples which were between 15 and 30 ppm and 36.6% salt samples which were above 30 ppm in the LSGs. The population of the LSGs was clinically mildly iodine deficient having no biochemical iodine deficiency while in the HSGs it was more than the adequate requirement and the HSG children are possibly at risk of excess iodine induced thyroid diseases. Existing goiter prevalence in the LSGs was from their relatively high consumption of dietary goitrogens. Therefore, socioeconomic status plays a pivotal role in the management of iodine nutrition even in a post salt iodation scenario. © 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

Socioeconomic status of the population- A prime determinant in evaluating iodine nutritional status even in a post salt iodization scenario

Who Was Who

Victor, Ed, (9 Sept. 1939–7 June 2017), Chairman, Ed Victor Ltd, since 1977

Food and Nutrition Bulletin

Thirty years of a Ban on the Sale of Noniodized Salt: Impact on Iodine Nutrition in Children in Himachal Pradesh, India

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

The University of California, San Diego, West Coast Endocrinology Board Review, October 15–18, 2003, San Diego, California

Journal of Human Ecology

Influences of Age, Sex and Caste on Goiter Prevalence of the People in Tripura, North East India

The State of the World's Children 1998 State of the World's Children

Foreword

Etiological factors for the persistence of endemic goiter in selected areas of Siddharthnagar district in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

Journal	Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher	Freund Publishing House Ltd
ISSN	0334-018X
Open Access	No