The energy distributions of primary cosmic-ray nucleons responsible for muons detected at sea level and underground have been calculated using a phenomenological model. The Feynman scaling hypothesis of nucleon-nucleon interactions has been employed using cross sections determined from high-energy scattering experiments.

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University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Energy distribution of parent nucleons for muons observed at sea level and underground

Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics

Using three values of the differential exponent, namely 2.65, 2.70 and 2.75, of the primary cosmic-ray nucleon spectrum, the scaling model of high-energy N-N collisions parametrised from the recent ISR data and a realistic model for the propagation of cosmic rays through the atmosphere, the sea-level vertical muon spectra in the energy range 0.5-103 GeV have been derived. By comparing the results with the recent muon data of Allkofer et al. (1971) it can be concluded that the primary cosmic-ray nucleon spectrum may be represented by a single exponent over the whole energy range 5-104 GeV, and is given by the relation D(EN)dEN=2.48E N-2.70dEN. This conclusion is not in agreement with the results of some recent similar calculations.

Journal	Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics
Publisher	-
ISSN	0305-4616