Steroids (testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone, corticosterone, dexamethasone and deoxycorticosterone) were administered intramuscularly (0.1 mg · 100 g bw-1) on seven consecutive days to juvenile male soft-shelled turtles. Serotonin, norepinephrine and epinephrine contents of the pineal-paraphyseal complex were measured spectrofluorometrically 24 h after the last injection. Testosterone and oestrogen decreased serotonin, norepinephrine and epinephrine levels. Progesterone treatment resulted in an increase of serotonin level and a fall in norepinephrine and epinephrine levels. Corticosterone treatment caused an increase of serotonin level and a decrease of norepinephrine and epinephrine levels. Dexamethasone failed to alter serotonin content, increased norepinephrine and decreased epinephrine levels. Deoxycorticosterone decreased serotonin and elevated epinephrine content. © 1992 Springer-Verlag.

M MAHATA

S K MAHATA

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Effect of steroid hormones on serotonin, norepinephrine and epinephrine contents in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of the soft-shelled turtle (Lissemys punctata punctata).

Journal Of Comparative Physiology B

Background. Arecoline, a plant alkaloid of betel nut, is consumed by millions of people, for increased capacity of work. It causes immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and disturbance in antioxidant production, but it stimulates HPA axis and induces thyroid dysfunction. Aim. To investigate the role of arecoline on adrenal activity, glycemia and glycogen profile in mice. Materials and methods. Arecoline was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 10 mg/ kg body wt for 20-60 min for acute administration. In chronic administration the same dose was used daily for 15 days. Corticosterone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, blood glucose and liver glycogen profiles were measured after 20, 40 and 60 min, in acute administration and after 15 days in chronic administration. Results. Arecoline in acute administration increased corticosterone, norepinephrine and epinephrine levels and induced hyperglycemia with depletions of liver glycogen. But chronic arecoline administration with the same dose for 15 days caused ultrastructural degenerations of adrenal cortex and medulla with the elevation of corticosterone, and depletions of norepinephrine and epinephrine levels. Arecoline also caused hypoglycemia and elevated liver glycogen. Atropine (arecoline receptor antagonist) prevented arecoline action on adrenal activity or blood glucose - liver glycogen interaction. Conclusion. The findings indicate that arecoline initially stimulates adrenal activity, but subsequently inhibits it with alterations of glycemic and glycogen profiles. Arecoline action is mediated by arecoline receptor in mice. Arecoline may have immunological action via adrenal hormonal suppression in mice.

Acta Endocrinologica

Ultrastructural and hormonal modulations of adrenal gland with alterations of glycemic and liver glycogen profiles following arecoline administration in albino mice

The aim of the investigation was to study the influence of high ambient temperature on adrenomedullary activity and blood glucose levels in adult female soft-shelled turtles (Lissemys punctata punctata). Experiments were carried out at 25°, 35°, and 38°, and one group was exposed to 38° for 15 days and then maintained at 25° for another 15 days. Exposure to a low ambient temperature of 25° had no clear effect on adrenomedullary function with respect to histology (nuclear diameter), epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations, and blood glucose level of turtles, but higher temperatures of 35° and 38° stimulated adrenomedullary activity as well as blood glucose level in turtles compared with controls (30°). The extent of these changes was greater at 38° than that at 35°, and withdrawal from high ambient temperature reversed the effect in turtles. © 2001 Academic Press.

General and Comparative Endocrinology

Adrenomedullary hormonal and glycemic responses to high ambient temperature in the soft-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata

Pineal serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5-HIAA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and adrenal corticosterone, NE and E contents were measured spectrofluorometrically 5, 15, 30 and 60 min after insulin treatment to induce hypoglycemic stress. In the pineal gland, hypoglycemic stress caused dramatic decrease of 5-HT, resulted in initial decrease followed by an increase of 5-HIAA and brought about changes of NE and E. Corticosterone content in the adrenal gland increased significantly following treatment with insulin. Adrenal NE and E contents plummetted to control value followed by quick resynthesis. The findings indicate that insulin-induced hypoglycemia greatly modulates the activities of pineal and adrenal glands. © 1991.

Neuroscience Letters

Effect of insulin on serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid, norepinephrine, epinephrine and corticosterone contents in chick

The aim of the present investigation was to ascertain the influence of ambient temperature on serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of soft-shelled turtles. Turtles were exposed to low (10°) and high (32°) temperatures for 7 days in an incubator with the same photoperiod (12L:12D). Control animals were also kept in the same incubator at 25° for similar duration with the same photoperiod. The findings revealed that ambient temperatures significantly altered serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine content in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of turtles. The results thus indicate that ambient temperature has some influence on pineal serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents in soft-shelled turtles. © 1989.

Effect of ambient temperature on serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of the soft-shelled turtle (Lissemys punctata punctata)

The aims of the current investigation were to examine the circadian rhythms in the pineal-paraphyseal amines and indoleamine in juvenile turtles. An attempt was also made to study the influence of photoperiod on pineal activities in adult turtles. Serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine levels were studied at four different time intervals (0600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 hr) of a 24-hr period. Increased serotonin level was observed during day and trough values during night, but the norepinephrine and epinephrine levels showed reverse changes. Continuous light (24L:0D) or long photoperiod (22L:2D) resulted in an elevation of serotonin level and diminution of norepinephrine level, but continuous darkness (0L:24D) or short photoperiod (2L:22D) showed reverse changes. Epinephrine level altered in parallel to that of norepinephrine with long (22L:2D) or short (2L:22D) photoperiod, but remained unaltered with continuous light (24L:0D) or continuous darkness (0L:24D). It is suggested that circadian rhythms exist in pineal-paraphyseal amines and indoleamine in juvenile turtles like that of adult turtles. It is also suggested that light greatly modulates serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of the soft-shelled turtle. © 1988.

Circadian rhythms and influence of light on serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of soft-shelled turtles (Lissemys punctata punctata)

Diurnal variations in pineal serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine levels were measured at four different time intervals (0600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 hr) in adult male softshelled turtles. The serotonin level increased during day and decreased during night. But the norepinephrine and epinephrine levels showed reverse changes. The findings reveal that these is a distinct circadian rhythm in serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents of the pineal-paraphyseal complex in adult male soft-shelled turtles. © 1986.

Circadian rhythms in serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine contents of the pineal-paraphyseal complex of the soft-shelled turtle (Lissemys punctata punctata)

Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research

Circannual pineal rhythms in the soft‐shelled turtle(lissemys punctata punctata)

Effect of steroid hormones on serotonin, norepinephrine and epinephrine contents in the pineal-paraphyseal complex of the soft-shelled turtle (Lissemys punctata punctata)

Journal	Data powered by TypesetJournal Of Comparative Physiology B
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetSpringer-Verlag
ISSN	0174-1578