Purpose: To investigate the effects of gamma pre-exposure on cadmium accumulation in Plantago ovata seedlings. Metallothionein (MT) localization was also studied following Cadmium (Cd) treatment in P. ovata.Materials and methods: DNA damage was determined by alkaline comet assay. MT gene and protein expression were studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry, respectively, in root and shoot tissues. Metal accumulation (Cd, zinc [Zn], iron [Fe]) was evaluated by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.Results: Cd treatment decreased seed germination rate, biomass and free radical scavenging activity and increased DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. When P. ovata seeds were pre- exposed to 5 Gy gamma dose (prior to Cd treatment) seed germination rate, biomass and free radical scavenging activity increased significantly. MT genes (PoMT1, PoMT2 and PoMT3) and MT protein expression enhanced when 5 Gy gamma-irradiated seeds were grown in Cd containing medium and Cd accumulation also increased in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions: Higher Cd accumulation in P. ovata seedlings may be attributed to the upregulation of PoMT genes in gamma pretreated seedlings. Localization of metallothionein in cytosol and nucleus indicated its positive role against Cd-mediated cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. © 2015 © 2015 Informa UK, Ltd.

SARMISTHA RAYCHAUDHURI

Bio-Physics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics

N GHOSHAL

S TALAPATRA

P TALUKDER

M SENGUPTA

S K RAY

A CHAKRABORTY

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Cross-adaptation to cadmium stress in Plantago ovata by pre-exposure to low dose of gamma rays: Effects on metallothionein and metal content

International Journal of Radiation Biology

Purpose: To study the oxidative stress-induced changes by sublethal doses of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and gamma irradiation, two redox-inducing agents, on metallothionein (MT) gene and protein expression in Plantago ovata Forsk (P. ovata). Materials and methods: Chlorophyll content was estimated to study the stress response in P. ovata seedlings following exposure to gamma irradiation and CdCl2. Lipid peroxidation and proline content, two oxidative stress markers, were also studied. The level of metallothionein gene and protein expression was further investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Results: Three MT genes of P. ovata namely PoMT 1, PoMT 2 and PoMT 3 were isolated, sequenced and characterized and their expressions were found to be altered in the case of both oxidative stresses in a dose-dependent and tissue-specific manner. The results were in agreement with the observations from immunocytochemistry and FACS analysis. Conclusions: The results suggest that both gamma irradiation and CdCl2 alter redox balance in P. ovata. The metallothionein gene may play an important role in metal tolerance and stress balance. It is conjectured that the stress-mediated imbalance is maintained by altered MT gene and protein expression. © 2013 Informa UK, Ltd.

Alterations in transcriptome and proteome on metallothioneins following oxidative stress induced by sublethal doses of cadmium and gamma rays in Plantago ovata

We have calibrated the alkaline protocol of the plant comet (Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis) assay as a method for detecting the extent of induced DNA damage in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. cultivar Korela). After 2 and 24 h treatments of the rooted cuttings with the heavy metal cadmium (Cd2+), a dose-response increase in DNA damage was noted versus controls in root nuclei. With a 24 h recovery period, the Cd2+-induced DNA damage in roots increased significantly. No significant increase in DNA damage was demonstrated in leaf nuclei after 24 h Cd2+ treatments, but continuous Cd2+ treatments for 2 weeks resulted in an increase in leaf DNA damage. This increase may be however associated with necrotic and apoptotic DNA fragmentation, as the affected plants had inhibited growth and distorted yellowish leaves. For comparison, the monofunctional alkylating agent ethyl methanesulphonate, and γ-rays were assessed for induced DNA damage. Analysis of the accumulation of cadmium by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry demonstrates that roots accumulate almost 9-fold more cadmium than aboveground parts of the rooted potato cuttings. This may explain the absence of Cd2+ genotoxicity in leaves after short-term treatments. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Environmental and Experimental Botany

DNA damage in potato plants induced by cadmium, ethyl methanesulphonate and Î³-rays

Oncology & Hematology Review (US)

Genetic Segmentation and Targeted Therapeutics for Multiple Myeloma

Plant, Cell & Environment

Type 4 metallothionein genes are involved in regulating Zn ion accumulation in late embryo and in controlling early seedling growth in Arabidopsis

PLoS ONE

Metallothioneins Are Required for Formation of Cross-Adaptation Response to Neurobehavioral Toxicity from Lead and Mercury Exposure in Nematodes

Journal	Data powered by TypesetInternational Journal of Radiation Biology
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetTaylor and Francis Ltd
ISSN	0955-3002