Classification falls under supervised learning. Supervised learning is a learning process from a given dataset or training dataset where both input and mapping output data are provided. The decision rules are designed by observing the training dataset to determine the category or class for future decision-making. Classification is the process of assigning an individual item or dataset to one of the number of existing categories or classes depending on the characteristics or features of the input data. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.