The work investigated concentration of trace metals in surface sediments (0-10cm; &lt; 63μm grain size) from 15 sampling sites of diverse environmental stresses covering Hugli River Estuary (HRE) and Sundarban Mangrove Wetland (SMW), eastern coastal part of India. The trace metal concentrations in sediments exhibited an overall decreasing trend as follows: Cr (21.2-60.9)&gt;Cu (11.60-102.47)&gt;Ni (19.10-52.60)&gt;Pb (7.09-183.88)&gt;As (4.41-11.46)&gt;Cd (0.02-4.4)&gt;Ag (0.02-0.87). Both the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) values revealed significant pollution by Ag, Cd and Pb at Nurpur of HRE. Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) (61.21±112.40) showed wide range of variations from low (19.76) to serious (463.20) ecological risk. A positive significant correlation was found between metals and organic carbon in sediments. The ecological risk associated with the trace metals in sediment was considered on the consensus based Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs). The work suggests that the trace metals present in sediments posed adverse effects on the sediment-dwelling organisms. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

B ANTIZAR-LADISLAO

P MONDAL

S MITRA

S K SARKAR

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Marine Pollution Bulletin

Mangroves have wide applications in traditional medicines due to their several therapeutic properties. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs), in mangrove habitats, need serious concern because of their toxicity, bioaccumulation capacity and ecotoxicological risks. In the current study, we aimed to examine sediment quality and bioaccumulation of PTEs in a mangrove-dominated habitat of Sundarban, India, and their relation with antimicrobial property of ten mangrove species of the region. Antimicrobial activity of different solvent fractions of mangrove leaves was assessed against seven microorganisms. The highest antimicrobial activity was detected in ethyl acetate and acetone-extracted fractions of Avicennia alba. Various sediment quality indices revealed progressively deteriorating nature of surface sediment having moderate contamination, however, low ecotoxicological risk. The accumulation factors (AF) for different PTEs indicate a gradual metal bioaccumulation in leaf tissue. Antimicrobial activities indicated both positive and negative correlations with manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations of mangrove species. Concentration of Mn showed a significant correlation with almost all the fractions, whereas Cu had correlation with ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol fractions (P < 0.05). The AF of Mn and Cu exhibited correlation with antimicrobial activities of acetone and methanol fractions, whereas Fe and Zn had correlation with hexane and ethyl acetate fractions. Overall, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn concentrations of Acanthus ilicifolius and Avicennia alba leaves and in the surface sediments demonstrated the strongest association (P < 0.05) with their antimicrobial activity as also depicted in correlation and cluster analysis studies. Thus, this study will help to establish a link between the PTEs in mangrove ecosystem with their bioactivity. © 2018, Springer Nature B.V.

Environmental Geochemistry and Health

Sediment quality, elemental bioaccumulation and antimicrobial properties of mangroves of Indian Sundarban

Spatial distribution of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) and their accumulation in mangrove Avicennia officinalis L. were studied along 8 locations in and around Sundarban mangrove wetland, India. Among 8 locations, S3 (Chemaguri) and S5 (Ghushighata) showed higher concentration of PTMs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) characterized by higher enrichment factors (3.45–10.03), geo-accumulation indices (0.04–1.22), contamination factors (1.14–3.51) and pollution load indices (1.3–1.45) indicating progressive deterioration of estuarine quality and considerable ecotoxicological risk. Metal concentration in A. officinalis leaves showed significant correlation with sediment metals implying elevated level of bioaccumulation. Significant statistical correlation between photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b), antioxidant response (free radical scavenging and reducing ability) and stress enzymatic activity (Peroxidase, Catalase, Super-oxide dismutase) of A. officinalis with increasing metal concentration in the contaminated locations reflects active detoxification mechanism of the plant. The study indicates the potentiality of biomonitoring metal pollution using studied biochemical markers in mangrove habitats. © 2018

Assessment of potentially toxic metal (PTM) pollution in mangrove habitats using biochemical markers: A case study on Avicennia officinalis L. in and around Sundarban, India

The spatial and seasonal distribution of trace elements (TEs) (n = 16) in surficial sediment were examined along the Hooghly River Estuary (~ 175 km), India. A synchronous elevation of majority of TEs concentration (mg kg− 1) was encountered during monsoon with the following descending order: Al (67070); Fe (31300); Cd (5.73); Cr (71.17); Cu (29.09); Mn (658.74); Ni (35.89). An overall low and homogeneous concentration of total Hg (THg = 17.85 ± 4.98 ng g− 1) was recorded in which methyl mercury (MeHg) shared minor fraction (8–31%) of the THg. Sediment pollution indices, viz. geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) for Cd (Igeo = 1.92–3.67; EF = 13.83–31.17) and Ba (Igeo = 0.79–5.03; EF = 5.79–108.94) suggested high contamination from anthropogenic sources. From factor analysis it was inferred that TEs primarily originated from lithogenic sources. This study would provide the latest benchmark of TE pollution along with the first record of MeHg in this fluvial system which recommends reliable monitoring to safeguard geochemical health of this stressed environment. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Seasonal assessment of trace element contamination in intertidal sediments of the meso-macrotidal Hooghly (Ganges) River Estuary with a note on mercury speciation

The present work investigated the spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of total and mild acid-leachable trace elements in surface sediments (top 0–10 cm; grain size ≤ 63 μm) along the Hooghly (Ganges) River Estuary and Sundarban Mangrove Wetland, India. The trace elements, analyzed by ICPMS, showed wide range of variations with the following descending order (mean values expressed in milligrams per kilogram): Fe (25,050 ± 4918) > Al (16,992 ± 4172) > Mn (517 ± 102) > Zn (53 ± 18) > Cu (33 ± 11) > Cr (29 ± 7) > Ni (27 ± 6) > Pb (14 ± 3) > As (5 ± 1) > Se (0.37 ± 0.10) > Cd (0.17 ± 0.13) > Ag (0.16 ± 0.19) > Hg (0.05 ± 0.10). In the acid-leachable fraction, Cd (92%) is dominated followed by Pb (81%), Mn (77%), Cu (70%), and Se (58%) indicating their high mobility, imposing negative impact on the adjacent benthos. The sediment pollution indices (both enrichment factor and contamination factor) suggested severe pollution by Ag at the sampling site Sajnekhali, a wildlife sanctuary in Sundarban. The mean probable effect level quotient indicated that surface sediments in the vicinity of the studied region have 21% probability of toxicity to biota. The result of multivariate analyses affirms lithogenic sources (e.g., weathering parent rocks, dry deposition) for As, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni, whereas Cd and Hg originated from anthropogenic activities (such as urban and industrial activities). Both human-induced stresses and natural processes controlled trace element accumulation and distribution in the estuarine system, and remedial measures are required to mitigate the potential impacts of these hazardous trace elements. © 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Pollution evaluation of total and acid-leachable trace elements in surface sediments of Hooghly River Estuary and Sundarban Mangrove Wetland (India)

Our objective was to evaluate distribution and accumulation of trace elements (TEs) in surface sediments along the Hooghly (Ganges) River Estuary, India, and to assess the potential risk with view to human health. The TE concentrations (mg kg−1 dry weight) exhibited a wide range in the following order: Al (31.801 ± 15.943) &gt; Fe (23.337 ± 7584) &gt; Mn (461 ± 147) &gt; S (381 ± 235) &gt; Zn (54 ± 18) &gt; V (43 ± 14) &gt; Cr (39 ± 15) &gt; As (34 ± 15) &gt; Cu (27 ± 11) &gt; Ni (24 ± 9) &gt; Se (17 ± 8) &gt; Co (11 ± 3) &gt; Mo (10 ± 2) &gt; Hg (0.02 ± 0.01). Clay, silt, iron, manganese and sulphur were important for the accumulation of TE in the sediments as confirmed by factor analysis and Pearson correlation. The accumulation and dispersal of TEs were most likely to be governed by both tide-induced processes and anthropogenic inputs from point and non-point sources. Enrichment factor analysis and geoaccumulation index revealed serious contamination of the sediments with Se and As, while comparing the consensus-based sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), adverse biological effects to benthic fauna might be caused by As, Cu, Ni and Cr. This investigation may serve as a model study and recommends continuous monitoring of As, Se, Cu, Ni and Cr to ascertain that SQGs with respect to acceptable levels of TEs to safeguard geochemical health and ecology in the vicinity of this estuary. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Journal	Data powered by TypesetMarine Pollution Bulletin
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier Ltd
ISSN	0025-326X