Root cultures of Gloriosa superba were treated with 5 mm methyl jasmonate and 125 μ m AlCl3 which enhanced the intracellular colchicine content of the roots by 50-fold and 63-fold, respectively. Ten millimolar of CaCl2 and 1 mm CdCl2 enhanced biomass significantly (7- to 8.6-fold, respectively) while maximum release of colchicine into the medium was obtained with 10 mm CdCl2. Casein hydrolysate, yeast extract and silver nitrate had no significant effect on growth and colchicine accumulation in root cultures. © Springer 2006.

S GHOSH

B GHOSH

S JHA

University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Biotechnology Letters

Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. (family Scrophulariaceae), a therapeutically important perennial herb, was transformed to study the stability of the effects associated with the insertion of a gene encoding β-cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor, either alone or in addition to the T-DNA genes in long-term in vitro culture as well as after transfer to the greenhouse. Plant lines BmAr-IXcrypt obtained via transformation by LBA 9402-crypt (pRi1855+pBin19++crypt) showed integration and expression of rolA, rolB, rolC, and rolD genes after 4 years of maintenance in vitro. The plant line BmAt-ncrypt obtained via transformation with A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404-crypt (harboring pBin19++crypt) as well as plant line BmAr-IXcrypt showed stable integration and expression of nptII gene and crypt gene even after transfer to greenhouse. The clones of Ri-crypt-transformed plants differed morphologically from Ri-transformed plants in that the typical “hairy root syndrome” was not observed in plants expressing crypt gene in the presence of rol genes. Except plant line BmAr-IXcrypt, none of the other transgenic plant lines showed any alteration in floral morphology and onset of flowering. The crypt-transformed plant lines (BmAr-IXcrypt and BmAt-ncrypt), maintained under long-term culture, showed significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) amount of bacoside production in vitro (1.66- to 2.05-fold, with respect to non-transformed plants). In addition, accumulation of all the four bacosides was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in crypt-transformed plants as compared to non-transformed plants grown for 1 year in greenhouse. Thus, the crypt-transformed plant lines of B. monnieri may be considered as the potential source for sustainable bioproduction of bacosides. © 2015, Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology and Springer Japan.

Plant Biotechnology Reports

Effects associated with insertion of cryptogein gene utilizing Ri and Ti plasmids on morphology and secondary metabolites are stable in Bacopa monnieri-transformed plants grown in vitro and ex vitro

Podophyllum hexandrum is an endangered, commercial source of a naturally occurring lignan podophyllotoxin, which is a precursor of potent anticancer drugs. Cell suspension cultures were established using four-year-old cell line RC4 of P. hexandrum in liquid P1 medium [half strength B5 basal medium supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, 2,4-D (1 mg/l), GA3 (1 mg/l) and BA (0.1 mg/l)]. The effect of different concentrations (100, 250 and 500 mg/l) of tryptophan, an indirect precursor of lignan biosynthesis, was studied on cell suspension cultures. Cultures accumulated 2.7 times more podophyllotoxin than untreated control cultures when treated with 250 mg/l tryptophan. Biomass yield was, however not improved following the addition of tryptophan.

Fulltext

Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology

Influence of an indirect precursor on podophyllotoxin accumulation in cell suspension cultures of Podophyllum hexandrum

Genetic transformation of the Indian medicinal plant, Bacopa monnieri, using a gene encoding cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor, via Ri and Ti plasmids, were established and induced bioproduction of bacopa saponins in crypt-transgenic plants were obtained. Transformed roots obtained with A. rhizogenes strain LBA 9402 crypt on selection medium containing kanamycin (100 mg l-1) dedifferentiated forming callus and redifferentiated to roots which, spontaneously showed shoot bud induction. Ri crypt-transformed plants thus obtained showed integration and expression of rol genes as well as crypt gene. Ti crypt-transformed B. monnieri plants were established following transformation with disarmed A. tumefaciens strain harboring crypt. Transgenic plants showed significant enhancement in growth and bacopa saponin content. Bacopasaponin D (1. 4-1. 69 %) was maximally enhanced in transgenic plants containing crypt. In comparison to Ri-transformed plants, Ri crypt-transformed plants showed significantly (p ≤ 0. 05) enhanced accumulation of bacoside A3, bacopasaponin D, bacopaside II, bacopaside III and bacopaside V. Produced transgenic lines can be used for further research on elicitation in crypt-transgenic plants as well as for large scale production of saponins. Key message The cryptogein gene, which encodes a proteinaceous elicitor is associated with increase in secondary metabolite accumulation-either alone or in addition to the increases associated with transformation by A. rhizogenes. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

Plant Cell Reports

Use of the cryptogein gene to stimulate the accumulation of bacopa saponins in transgenic Bacopa monnieri plants

Gloriosa superba L. is a highly valued indigenous medicinal plant. It is available throughout India with noticeable variations in morphology and colchicine content. In the present study, morphological, phytochemical, cytological and molecular data are employed to screen the polymorphism, if present, in five different populations of G. superba L. Based on gross morphological traits, the plants can be grouped into two clusters: Amtala (AM) and Baruipur (BR) plants belonging to one cluster, and Siliguri (SG), Darjeeling (DJ) and Sikkim (SK) plants belonging to the other. Colchicine content of the tubers ranged from 0.06% in AM plants to 0.37% in BR plants. Cytological analysis revealed that the SK plants showed 44 chromosomes, i.e. tetraploid status, whereas the other four were diploid. Assessment of the karyomorphology of the four diploid populations indicated a close similarity between AM and BR plants, whereas the SG plants exhibited slightly different karyomorphology and lacked sm-type chromosomes. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed 76% polymorphism among the populations. Cluster analysis using RAPD resulted in three main cluster groups; BR and SG plants clustered together indicating that they are most closely related when compared with other populations. © 2008 Copyright NIAB.

Plant Genetic Resources: Characterisation and Utilisation

Polymorphism in Gloriosa superba

The present article describes an efficient technique for micropropagation and microtu- berization of two species of Gloriosa, G. orangea and G. rothschildiana of Colchicaceae, the colchicine yielding plants. The plants were propagated in culture through apical shoot bud multipli- cation using modified Murashige and Skoog's nutrient medium (MS) supplemented with 6-benzy- laminopurine (BAP) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in presence of two different concentra- tions of sucrose (3 and 6%). The process of microtuberization was found to be quite efficient in MS containing 3% sucrose, producing about 180-240 tubers per culture vessel within 6 months or less. On the other hand, the medium with 6% sucrose level induced microtuberization 2 weeks earlier with reduced rate of regeneration. The microtubers from 3% media showed 97% germination rate. The best result was obtained in a medium containing BAP (17.76μM) and NAA (2.15μM) with about 18-24 shoots and 14-21 microtubers/shoot. A 1.7 fold increase in colchicine accumulation in G. rothschildiana and a 2.0 fold increase in G. orangea estimated through High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were observed as compared to in vivo tubers. The extracted colchicine showed better efficacy than standard colchicine from Sigma Chemical Co. in treated root tip cells of Allium saíivum L. and Mucuna pruriens L. In both these test plant systems, the extracted colchicine induced both polyploidy and diplochromatid formation at variable rates and the values were little higher in G. orangea than in G. rothschildiana. Moreover, G. orangea responded better than G. roth- schildiana against the same concentrations of plant growth regulators and showed better colchicine accumulation as well. ©2008 The Japan Mendel Society.

Cytologia

In vitro microtuberization and enhanced colchicine accumulation in two species of gloriosa

Aluminium chloride enhances colchicine production in root cultures of Gloriosa superba

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

Enhancedin vitroproduction of colchicine inGloriosa superbaL. — an emerging industrial medicinal crop in South India

Enzyme and Microbial Technology

The effect of yeast elicitor on the growth and secondary metabolism of hairy root cultures of Salvia miltiorrhiza

The influence of different biotic and abiotic elicitors on the production and profile of tropane alkaloids in hairy root cultures of Brugmansia candida

Journal	Data powered by TypesetBiotechnology Letters
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ISSN	0141-5492