The work investigates on the potential of ten mangrove species for absorption, accumulation and partitioning of trace metal(loid)s in individual plant tissues (leaves, bark and root/pneumatophore) at two study sites of Indian Sundarban Wetland. The metal(loid) concentration in host sediments and their geochemical characteristics were also considered. Mangrove sediments showed unique potential in many- fold increase for most metal(loid)s than plant tissues due to their inherent physicochemical properties. The ranges of concentration of trace metal(loid)s for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in plant tissue were 0.006–0.31, 0.02–2.97, 0.10–4.80, 0.13–6.49, 4.46–48.30, 9.2–938.1, 0.02–0.13, 9.8–1726, 11–5.41, 0.04–7.64, 3.81–52.20 μg g −1respectively. The bio- concentration factor (BCF) showed its maximum value (15.5) in Excoecaria agallocha for Cd, suggesting that it can be considered as a high-efficient plant for heavy metal bioaccumulation. Among all metals, Cd and Zn were highly bioaccumulated in E. agallocha (2.97 and 52.2 μg g −1 respectively. Our findings suggest that the species may be classified as efficient metal trap for Cd in aerial parts, as indicated by higher metal accumulation in the leaves combined with BCF and translocation factor (TF) values. © 2015, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

R CHOWDHURY

J PRATAS

M P JONATHAN

P S GANESH

S K SARKAR

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University of Calcutta (informally known as Calcutta University or CU) is a collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.&nbsp;Within India it is recognized as a &quot;Five-Star University&quot; and accredited &quot;A&quot; Grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.

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The University of Calcutta has secured the Fifth position among the Universities of India in the prestigious &quot;Indian University Ranking 2019&quot; list, released by the NIRF of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

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It was established on 24 January 1857, and was one of the first institutions in Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and Western-style university. Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state, heads of government, social reformers, prominent artists, only academy award winner and Dirac medal winner in India, many Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates as of 2019 which is highest in South Asia.

University Of Calcutta

Accumulation of Trace Metals by Mangrove Plants in Indian Sundarban Wetland: Prospects for Phytoremediation

International Journal of Phytoremediation

Spatial distribution of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) and their accumulation in mangrove Avicennia officinalis L. were studied along 8 locations in and around Sundarban mangrove wetland, India. Among 8 locations, S3 (Chemaguri) and S5 (Ghushighata) showed higher concentration of PTMs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) characterized by higher enrichment factors (3.45–10.03), geo-accumulation indices (0.04–1.22), contamination factors (1.14–3.51) and pollution load indices (1.3–1.45) indicating progressive deterioration of estuarine quality and considerable ecotoxicological risk. Metal concentration in A. officinalis leaves showed significant correlation with sediment metals implying elevated level of bioaccumulation. Significant statistical correlation between photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b), antioxidant response (free radical scavenging and reducing ability) and stress enzymatic activity (Peroxidase, Catalase, Super-oxide dismutase) of A. officinalis with increasing metal concentration in the contaminated locations reflects active detoxification mechanism of the plant. The study indicates the potentiality of biomonitoring metal pollution using studied biochemical markers in mangrove habitats. © 2018

Marine Pollution Bulletin

Assessment of potentially toxic metal (PTM) pollution in mangrove habitats using biochemical markers: A case study on Avicennia officinalis L. in and around Sundarban, India

The study accentuated the trace metal accumulation and distribution pattern in individual organs of 13 native mangrove plants along with rhizosediments in the Indian Sundarban Wetland. Enrichment of the essential micronutrients (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni) was recorded in all plant organs in comparison to non-essential ones, such as Cr, As, Pb, Cd, Hg. Trunk bark and root/pneumatophore showed maximum metal accumulation efficiency. Rhizosediment recorded manifold increase for most of the trace metals than plant tissue, with the following descending order: Fe &gt; Mn &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Pb &gt; Ni &gt; Cr &gt; Co &gt; As &gt; Cd &gt; Hg. Concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Hg were found to exceed prescribed sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) indicating adverse effect on adjacent biota. Both index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) also indicated anthropogenic contamination. Based on high (&gt; 1) translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) values Sonneratia apetala and Avicennia officinalis could be considered as potential accumulators, of trace metals. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Bioremoval of trace metals from rhizosediment by mangrove plants in Indian Sundarban Wetland

Phytoremediation potential of uranium (U) was investigated by submerged, free-floating and rooted emergent native aquatic macrophytes inhabiting along the streams of Horta da Vilarica, a uraniferous geochemical region of NE Portugal. The work has been undertaken with the following objectives: (i) to relate the U concentrations in water sediment plant system; and (ii) to identify the potentialities of aquatic plants to remediate U-contaminated waters based on accumulation pattern. A total of 25 plant species culminating 233 samples was collected from 15 study points along with surface water and contiguous sediments. Concentrations of U showed wide range of variations both in waters (0.61 -5.56 mu g L-1, mean value 1.98 mu g L-1) and sediments (124-23,910 mu g kg(-1), mean value 3929 mu g kg(-1)) and this is also reflected in plant species examined. The plant species exhibited the ability to accumulate U several orders of magnitude higher than the surrounding water. Maximum U concentrations was recorded in the bryophyte Scorpiurium deflexifolium (49,639 mu g kg(-1)) followed by Fontinalis antipyretica (35,771 mu g kg(-1)), shoots of Rorippa sylvestris (33,837 mu g kg(-1)), roots of Oenanthe crocata (17,807 mu g kg(-1)) as well as in Nasturtium officinale (10,995 mu g kg(-1)). Scorpiurium deflexifolium displayed a high bio-concentration factor (BF) of similar to 2.5 x 10(4) (mean value). The species Fontinalis antipyretica, Nasturtium officinale (roots) and Rorippa sylvestris (shoots) exhibited the mean BFs of 1.7 x 10(4), 5 x 10(3) and 4.8 x 10(3) respectively. Maximum translocation factor (TF) was very much pronounced in the rooted perennial herb Rorippa sylvestris showing extreme ability to transport U for the shoots and seems to be promising candidate to be used as bioindicator species. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemosphere

Uranium accumulation in aquatic macrophlites in an uraniferous region: Relevance to natural attenuation

Phytoremediation potential of uranium (U) was investigated by submerged, free-floating and rooted emergent native aquatic macrophytes inhabiting along the streams of Horta da Vilariça, a uraniferous geochemical region of NE Portugal. The work has been undertaken with the following objectives: (i) to relate the U concentrations in water-sediment-plant system; and (ii) to identify the potentialities of aquatic plants to remediate U-contaminated waters based on accumulation pattern. A total of 25 plant species culminating 233 samples was collected from 15 study points along with surface water and contiguous sediments. Concentrations of U showed wide range of variations both in waters (0.61-5.56 μg L-1, mean value 1.98 μg L-1) and sediments (124-23,910 μg kg-1, mean value 3929 μg kg-1) and this is also reflected in plant species examined. The plant species exhibited the ability to accumulate U several orders of magnitude higher than the surrounding water. Maximum U concentrations was recorded in the bryophyte Scorpiurium deflexifolium (49,639 μg kg-1) followed by Fontinalis antipyretica (35,771 μg kg-1), shoots of Rorippa sylvestris (33,837 μg kg-1), roots of Oenanthe crocata (17,807 μg kg-1) as well as in Nasturtium officinale (10,995 μg kg-1). Scorpiurium deflexifolium displayed a high bioconcentration factor (BF) of ~2.5 × 104 (mean value). The species Fontinalis antipyretica, Nasturtium officinale (roots) and Rorippa sylvestris (shoots) exhibited the mean BFs of 1.7 × 104, 5 × 103 and 4.8 × 103 respectively. Maximum translocation factor (TF) was very much pronounced in the rooted perennial herb Rorippa sylvestris showing extreme ability to transport U for the shoots and seems to be promising candidate to be used as bioindicator species. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.

Uranium accumulation in aquatic macrophytes in an uraniferous region: Relevance to natural attenuation

This work constitutes a general description of the results obtained in native aquatic plant species from Portugal (South Western Europe), for the assessment of the potential for phytofiltration techniques of multielement contaminated water. Uptake patterns for metal(loid)s studied indicate the following features: Uranium accumulation in the range of 243-4979 mg/kg (DW) in Fontinalis antipyretica, Callitriche stagnalis, Callitriche hamulata, Callitriche lusitanica, and Ranunculus peltatus; Arsenic concentration from 346 to 2346 mg/kg in C. lusitanica, C. brutia, Lemna minor, Azolla caroliniana, R. trichophyllus, C. stagnalis, and F. Antipyretica; Lead from 90.5 to 1104 mg/kg in R. trichophyllus, rhizomes/roots of Typha latifolia, L. minor, Spirodela polyrrhiza, and Myriophyllum spicatum; Copper from 81.8 to 161 mg/kg in C. lusitanica, C. hamulata, R. trichophyllus, and C. stagnalis; and Zinc from 900 to 34,162 mg/kg in L. minor, Lemanea fluviatilis, C. lusitanica, C. brutia, R. trichophyllus, F. Antipyretica, and C. stagnalis. The abundance of some of these plant species, their biomass, relatively high bioproductivity, and their ability to accumulate several toxic elements collectively indicates their potential for the development of phytofiltration methodologies, either in monoculture systems or in combined systems representing natural ecosystems. © 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland. All rights reserved.

Phytoremediation: Management of Environmental Contaminants, Volume 3

Phytofiltration of metal(loid)-contaminated water: The potential of native aquatic plants

This paper documents the concentration of total arsenic and individual arsenic species in four soft-bottom benthic polychaetes (Perenereis cultifera, Ganganereis sootai, Lumbrinereis notocirrata and Dendronereis arborifera) along with host sediments from Sundarban mangrove wetland, India. An additional six sites were considered exclusively for surface sediments for this purpose. Polychaetes were collected along with the host sediments and measured for their total arsenic content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Arsenic concentrations in polychaete body tissues varied greatly, suggesting species-specific characteristics and inherent peculiarities in arsenic metabolism. Arsenic was generally present in polychaetes as arsenate (AsV ranges from 0. 16 to 0. 50 mg kg-1) or arsenite (AsIII ranges from 0. 10 to 0. 41 mg kg-1) (30-53 % as inorganic As) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV &lt;1-25 %). Arsenobetaine (AB &lt; 16 %), and PO4-arsenoriboside (8-48 %) were also detected as minor constituents, whilst monomethylarsonic acid (MAV) was not detected in any of the polychaetes. The highest total As (14. 7 mg kg-1 dry wt) was observed in the polychaete D. arborifera collected from the vicinity of a sewage outfall in which the majority of As was present as an uncharacterised compound (10. 3 mg kg-1 dry wt) eluted prior to AB. Host sediments ranged from 2. 5 to 10. 4 mg kg-1 of total As. This work supports the importance of speciation analysis of As, because of the ubiquitous occurrence of this metalloid in the environment, and its variable toxicity depending on chemical form. It is also the first work to report the composition of As species in polychaetes from the Indian Sundarban wetlands. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Environmental Geochemistry and Health

Arsenic speciation in polychaetes (Annelida) and sediments from the intertidal mudflat of Sundarban mangrove wetland, India

This study reports the first evidence of the quantification of two dominant perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), namely perfluorooctanesulfate (PFOS) and perfluorooctannoate (PFOA), in surface sediment samples (0-5 cm; n= 13) from the Ganges (Hugli) River including Sundarban wetland, India using HPLC-MS/MS. The concentrations of PFOA exhibited a wide range of concentrations from <0.5 to 14.09. ng/g. dry wt, whereas the concentration of PFOS was always below the detection limit of <0.5. ng/g dry. wt. A consistent enrichment of PFOA was recorded in all the five sites of Sundarban (mean value 11.61 ± 1.86) whereas it was of moderate concentration or below the detection level in the seven sites along with the lower stretch of the Ganges (Hugli) River estuary (mean value 5.96. ng/g. dry wt ± 5.36). Wastewater and untreated effluents are likely the major causes of accumulation of PFCs in sediments. The present paper could be used as baseline study to assess future monitoring programs of the ecosystem. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Perfluorinated compounds in surficial sediments of the Ganges River and adjacent Sundarban mangrove wetland, India

This study was performed to elucidate the distribution, concentration trend and possible sources of total mercury (Hg T) and methylmercury (MeHg) in sediment cores (&lt;63 μm particle size; n=75) of Sundarban mangrove wetland, northeastern part of the Bay of Bengal, India. Total mercury was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in a Leco AMA 254 instrument and MeHg by gas chromatography- atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GC-AFS). A wide range of variation in Hg T (0.032-0.196 μg g -1 dry wt.) as well as MeHg (0.04-0.13 ng g -1 dry wt.) concentrations revealed a slight local contamination. The prevalent low Hg T levels in sediments could be explained by sediment transport by the tidal Hugli (Ganges) River that would dilute the Hg T values via sediment mixing processes. A broader variation of MeHg proportions (%) were also observed in samples suggesting that other environmental variables such as organic carbon and microbial activity may play a major role in the methylation process. An overall elevated concentration of Hg T in surface layers (0-4 cm) of the core is due to remobilization of mercury from deeper sediments. Based on the index of geoaccumulation (I geo) and low effects-range (ER-L) values, it is considered that the sediment is less polluted by Hg T and there is less ecotoxicological risk. The paper provides the first information of MeHg in sediments from this wetland environment and the authors strongly recommend further examination of Hg T fluxes for the development of a detailed coastal MeHg model. This could provide more refine estimates of a total flux into the water column. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Biogeochemistry of mercury and methylmercury in sediment cores from Sundarban mangrove wetland, India - A UNESCO World Heritage Site

Mercury concentrations (HgT) in fine-grained fraction (&lt;63 μm) of core sediments of the Hugli-Matla-Bidyadhari estuarine complex, India were analyzed. Results revealed a wide range of spatial variations (&lt;4-93 ng g-1 dry weight) with a definite enhancement level at the lower stretch of the estuarine complex infested with mangrove plants, which might act as a sink to HgT. An elevated concentration of Hg was encountered in surface/subsurface layer of the core in majority of the cases resulting from physical, biogenic and postdepositional diagenetic processes that remobilized and resuspended the metal from deeper sediments. A strong positive correlation was observed between the Hg and clay fraction content of the sediments, while the correlations of Hg with Al, Fe and Mn were poor. Based on the index of geoaccumulation (I geo) and effects range-low (ER-L) value, it is considered that the sediments are less polluted and thus there is less chance of ecotoxicological risk to organisms living in sediments. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

Environmental Geology

Mercury enrichments in core sediments in Hugli-Matla-Bidyadhari estuarine complex, north-eastern part of the Bay of Bengal and their ecotoxicological significance

Journal	Data powered by TypesetInternational Journal of Phytoremediation
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetTaylor and Francis Inc.
ISSN	1522-6514
Open Access	Yes